
A Book for 



Fifty Million 

Peopl 

Illustrated 



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: 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



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Shelf ._J£5"k 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



THE 






INAUGURATION 

OF 

GROVER CLEVELAND, 

THE PRESIDENT-ELECT. 

March 4th, 1885. 
A BOOK FOR FIFTY MILLION PEOPLE. 

BY 

HENRY J. KINTZ^ 

{ JAN 21 108fc< 

ALEXANDRIA, VAT>* 

1885. 

\ 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1884, by 

HENRY J. KINTZ, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



Wm. F. Fell & Co., 

electkotyrers and printers, 

1220-24 Sansom Street, 

Philadelphia, 



CONTENTS. 



Introduction vii 

Biographical Sketches : — 

Grover Cleveland . . . . . .11 

Thomas Hendricks 13 

The States that have furnished Presidents 15 
Official Canvass of the Election of 1884: — 
The Number of Votes cast by each State — The 
Total Vote of the States — Cleveland's Popu- 
lar Plurality 16 

Review of the Presidential Campaign of 

1884 . 19 

Poem — Miss Columbia dressed for the Ball . 51 

The Inauguration 53 

Uncle Sam's Preparations .... 54 

Committees in Charge of Ceremonies . . 58 
The Procession and Oath of Office . . -73 

The Inauguration Ball 75 

An Elaborate Description of the Costumes for 

Ladies and Gentlemen 76 

Poem — Our Ship of State 87 

How a Life Should be Spent .... 93 

Financial Condition of Our Country . .111 

V 



VI 



Contents. 



The City of Washington . 
The Public Buildings 
The Washington Monument . 

Poem — Our Country .... 

The Potomac River .... 
The Home and Tomb of Washington 
Summer Resorts .... 

Growing Evils of our Country 

The Defeated Candidates 

Poem — The American Eagle 



PAGE 
ll 9 

127 

133 

137 

139 

I40 
141 
145 
153 
157 



INTRODUCTION. 

In the production of this book, I have 
endeavored to impress on the minds of my 
readers the great importance of our Na- 
tion's welfare, and that of its subjects ; also 
to set forth some strong facts showing that 
it is the duty of every American citizen to 
seek to elevate his fellow-man, without re- 
gard to section, creed or politics. Should 
I succeed in this, my object is attained. 

H. J. Kintz. 



vn 



Biographical Sketches. 



GROVER CLEVELAND, 

The President-elect, is a native of the 
State of New Jersey, and is forty-six years 
of age. He is a strongly built man, thick 
set, and the picture of health. His home 
is in the city of Buffalo, Erie County, New 
York. 

He is of good parentage, and as a boy 
was noted for his integrity and honesty, 
and for his quiet and unassuming manners. 
When a young man, he spent a considerable 
portion of his time at Theresa, N. Y., with 
his sister, Mrs. Hoyt, and all who were 
acquainted with him there still respect him, 
for his good and sterling qualities. He 
was elected Governor of the State of New 
11 



12 Biographical Sketches. 

York in the Fall of 1882, by a majority of 
nearly 200,000 votes. 

He is regarded by all who know him as 
a strict business man, and considering him- 
self an officer of the people, and not a 
representative only of the party who elected 
him, he has always performed his official 
duties to the best of his ability. It is said 
that when he was Mayor of the City of 
Buffalo a party favor was asked of him, 
which he refused, with the remark, that he 
was sworn in as mayor of the city, for all 
its people, and not for any particular party. 
Consequently, he must consider an official 
oath of a higher and greater importance 
than the patronage of any politician or 
lobbyist. In the whole of his career as a 
public officer, he has made many friends by 
his straightforward dealings in all that per- 
tained to the welfare of his constituents. 
Therefore, we may expect that he will make 
a careful survey of the whole political field 
before moving in any one direction, and in 
the selection of his Cabinet will choose such 
men as he knows to be statesmen, and true 



Thomas Hendricks. 13 

to their country and party. Any one who 
has been unfaithful to the cause of liberty, 
and not respected the old flag, had better 
pause to reflect before asking too much of 
the next President. We have every reason 
to believe that in his messages to Congress 
he will advise measures for the promotion 
of our welfare and happiness, and for the 
interests of this country, regardless of party 
or platform, or old fogy principles. We may 
look forward to having a live Democrat of 
the times to minister to our wants and those 
of the nation, instead of one who is twenty- 
four years behind them. It is not very 
likely that he will impede the progress ol 
the march of improvement inaugurated by 
the Republican party, but, on the contrary, 
advance its cause by letting the ball roll on, 
and complete what has been left undone by 
the past Administration. 
If so, All Hail to the Chief. 

Thomas Hendricks is a native of Penn- 
sylvania, but removed from there to Ohio, 
and thence to Indiana, where he now resides, 



14 Thomas Hendricks. 

in Indianapolis. He is over sixty-five years 
old, and has been a politician ever since 
his first vote. He was associated on the 
ticket with Samuel J. Tilden when he ran 
for President, in 1876. He is a very able 
man, and is noted for his social qualities. 
He has ever been an old-school Demo- 
crat; therefore he will have to knock the 
scales off his eyes and march to the front, 
if he wishes to be a help to the incoming 
administration and to national advance- 
ment. 



THE STATES 

That Have Produced the Men for Presidents. 



_.,. . f Abraham Lincoln, 

Illinois \ TT , „ _ 

( Ulysses S. Grant. 

Louisiana Zachary Taylor. 

, , . { John Adams, 

Massachusetts < "L , -. . ' , 

( John Quincy Adams. 

r Martin Van Buren, 
| Millard Fillmore, 

New York J Chester A. Arthur, 

and President-elect 
^Grover Cleveland. 

New Hampshire Franklin Pierce. 

; Henry Harrison, 
Rutherford B. Hayes, 
James A. Garfield. 
Pennsylvania James Buchanan. 

{Andrew Jackson, 
James K. Polk, 
Andrew Johnson. 

r George Washington, 
Thomas Jefferson, 

Virginia ■{ James Madison, 

James Monroe, 

^ John Tyler. 

15 



OFFICIAL CANVASS. 



States. 



Alabama. 
Arkansas 
California 
Colorado . 
Connecticut 
Delaware 
Florida 
Georgia 
Illinois 
Indiana 
Iowa . 
Kansas 
Kentucky 
Louisiana 
Maine . . 
Maryland 
Massachusetts 
Michigan 
Minnesota . 
Mississippi . 
Missouri . 
Nebraska 
Nevada . 
New Hampshire 
New Jersey . 
New York . 
North Carolina 
Ohio . . . 
Oregon . . 
Pennsylvania 
Rhode Island 
South Carolina 
Tennessee . 
Texas . . . 
Vermont . . 
Virginia . 
West Virginia 
Wisconsin . 

Total . . 

Plurality . 



Blaine. 
Rep. 



59 

50 

102 

36 

65 
12 
28 
47 
35° 
238 

197. 
154 
118 

46 
72 

85 
146 
192 
1 1 1 

42 
202 

76 
7 

43 
123 
562 
125 
400 

26 
474 

19. 

21 
124 

88, 

38: 

139: 

63. 

161 



4.847 



444 
895 
397 
277 
898 
778 
031 
603 

497 
480 
082 
406 
674 

347 
209 
699 
724 
669 
685 

774 
029 

877 
193 

249 

436 
005 
068 
082 
852 
268 
030 

733 
078 

353 
411 

356 

9 J 3 

157 
659 



Cleveland. 
Dem. 



Butler. 
Peo. 



9 2 -973 

72,927 

89,264 

27,627 

67,182 

17.054 

3I.709 

94.567 

312,314 

244.992 

177,286 

90,132 

102,757 

62,^46 

52,140 

96,932 

I22,48l 

189,361 

70,065 

78,547 

235.988 

54,354 

5.577 

39,192 

127,798 

563,154 

142,905 

368,280 

24.593 

393.747 

12,394 

69,890 

133,258 
223,208 

17-342 
145-497 

67.331 
146,477 



762 

1847 
20I7 

1957 
1685 

6 

125 

10,910 

8293 

16,346 

1655 

120 

3953 

53i 

24.433 

763 

3583 



552 

3496 

17,064 

5i79 

723 

16,992 

422 



957 
332i 

785 

805 

4598 



St. Scat- 
John, ter- 
Pro. ing. 



,913,901 
66,242 



133,880 



6lO 



759 

2494 

55 

74 

184 

2,074 
3018 
1472 

4495 
3106 

338 
2160 

2794 
0,026 

8,403 
4684 



2153 
2858 



1575 

6159 

25,003 

448 

1 1 ,069 

488 

15.306 
928 



35" 
1612 

143 
927 

7656 



150.633 



15 
22 



709 



1237 



Official Canvass. 17 

The whole vote cast November 4, 1884, 
for President was 10,048,073, of which 
Cleveland received . 4,913,659. 
Blaine . . . 4,847,659. 

St. John . . . 150,634. 

Butler . . . 133,880. 

Scattering . . . 2,000. 

Plurality of the popular vote is 66,242. 



REVIEW 

OF 

THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 18S4, 
AND ITS RESULTS. 



The great campaign of 1884, with all its 
different factions and bitter strife, has ended, 
and will be handed down, in the annals of 
our country's history, as one of the most 
remarkable campaigns of the United States 
of America. 

All previous histories of our nation's 
politics are unlike the last, when the people 
elected, by their choice, Grover Cleveland 
President. Never before was the number 
of aspirants so large; four men and one 
woman ran, on their respective tickets, for 
President, and, of course, they all knew that 
only one could be elected. The vote was 
never so great, nor so closely contested be- 
tween the two leading candidates, and for 
19 



20 The Campaign 0/1884, 

fourteen long days did the people await the 
result of the official count. 

The excitement reached fever heat, and 
had it not been for the fact that the Ameri- 
can people have confidence in their method 
of franchise, the consequence might have 
been bloodshed. 

But finally, when the glad tidings flashed 
across the electric wires that Grover Cleve- 
land was elected ^President, by the vote of 
the State of New York, the clouds dispersed, 
the excitement quieted down, people re- 
sumed their various vocations, and business 
returned to its normal condition. 

Where is the nation that could have 
passed through such an ordeal and so 
much political strife as successfully as our 
country has done? 

The victorious party, on hearing the tid- 
ings, caught up the glad refrain, and then 
went up a long and protracted shout of 
victory. 

Ten thousand voters raised their voices 
in unanimous praise and thanksgiving, cry- 
ing, "the jubilee has come." Thousands of 



And Its Results. 21 

bands mingled their joyous strains, and the 
reverberation from many cannon mouths 
shook the pedestals of all the statuary in 
our public parks, as they stood, cold and 
mute, in the air of that crisp November 
evening, until, in the light of the pale 
moon, they seemed to spring to life, and 
cast a retu miner smile to that of a sreat 
and prosperous people. 

Then tell me where is the Nation whose 
people could have gone through such a 
campaign, and after such excitement and 
turmoil, return to their homes and voca- 
tions as we have done? 

But remember that this is a country 
of the people, and ruled by the people. 
Yes, it is true, this is a great Democracy, 
and in its elections "fair play" must be 
its motto : so long as every American 
does his duty as a citizen our country 
is safe. 

After long, weary nights of toil and 
anxiety, of hopes and of fears, the former 
rivals laid their heads on the pillow of rest, 
and took a refreshing slumber. It is to be 



22 Mrs. Lockwood. 

hoped they have come out of this political 
contest wiser and better men. 

Even Mrs. Belva Lockwood rejoiced in 
the end of a strife such as had never before 
fallen to the lot of an American woman, 
and she congratulated herself on the good 
fortune of having- emerged from it to her 
advantage. 

In the history of American politics this is 
the first instance to be recorded where a 
woman and a mother entered into com- 
petition for the Presidency of the United 
States. And now, the precedent being 
established, no one can tell whether it will 
end in success or defeat, for small be- 
ginnings have, in many instances, proved 
great enterprises and successes. So let 
the fair sex never be tired of well doing ; 
for what would be our country without our 
wives and sweethearts ? We will look with 
pleasure on their efforts, and await future 
developments in this new field of enterprise ; 
for who knows — we may yet have a vice- 
president, if not a president, from among 
their number. 



Holy of Holies. 23 

For twenty-four years the Democratic 
party has been, as it were, out in the cold, 
trammeled by misfortune and poor man- 
agement, and marshaled to defeat when 
victory had almost perched herself on its 
banner. Its condition is expressed in the 
language of the forlorn refrain : " so near, 
and yet so far." During those long twenty- 
odd years, in one of every four, the Demo- 
crats could only witness their opponents 
enjoy the inauguration of their successful 
candidate, and were not allowed to enter, 
so to speak, into the Holy of Holies. But 
now, after patient endurance in the past, 
and desperate efforts in the recent cam- 
paign, they appear before us as victors, 
feeling as if the millennium had come. They 
are on the threshold of a great, coming 
event — the inaugu ration of their choice — 
when they will make one of the grandest 
displays that has ever been witnessed in 
the Capital of the American Nation. Nor 
will it be out of place to say that the Re- 
publicans will enjoy it to a considerable 



24 Timely Succor. 

extent, as they claim for one of their 
mottoes, " Live and let live." 

Then let them rejoice with those who are 
happy, and sympathize with those who are 
afflicted; which they surely have done in 
the past few years. Look at this country's 
great fires ; its scourges of sickness and 
other disasters ; relieved by their charity, 
their bountiful provisions and timely succor. 

Twenty-four years is a long time to wait; 
but like the promise made to Jacob, of old, 
the prize is gained at last. 

But we must remember that the Demo- 
cratic party is composed of men who have 
not been idle through these long years. 
No, not by any means ; but, on the contrary, 
they have been strictly attending to their 
own business, and have had the advantages 
of a rich country and a live administration. 
They have thus accumulated wealth mani- 
fold, and have improved their homes, and 
carefully guarded the welfare of those dear 
to them. 

If I am not mistaken, their true happiness 
was greater in the past, when out of office, 



Ball of State. 25 

than it will be in the future, with all power; 
for the full enjoyment of all privileges is 
sometimes preferable to the administration 
of them, especially when there is so much 
strife and bitter feeling engendered by the 
effort to gain the right of supremacy. 

Let the ball of state roll on ; for whoever 
undertakes to stop it will only be crushed 
by its progress. Old-time and old-fogy prin- 
ciples are not now adapted for the American 
people. They are a progressive nation 
and expect to remain so. Advance is the 
watchword. 

There is no time to pause or endeavor 
to turn back: the 'wheels of time make 
their revolutions, and have done so for- 
ever: yesterday has passed for you and 
for me, dear reader, and it now remains 
to get ready to live, not to die. I find no 
proof between the lids of Holy Writ that I 
must die. Life everlasting is my theme, 
and shall be henceforth. 

" Forever float the standard sheet; 

Where's the foe but falls before us, 
With freedom's soil beneath our feet," 
And life eternal promised to us. 



26 For the Best. 

I surely believe that all things work for 
the best. And for whom ? 

For those who love God. 

And we claim to be a nation that does 
love and fear our great Creator. We 
have the promise of His protection, and 
if our nation shall live as it ought, in that 
fear and love, benefiting its subjects there- 
by, it need not dread the great change that 
is spoken of by our Protector, on the last 
day, when He will display His power and 
glory. 

It has been said that this nation is 
growing more wicked and corrupt. 

Not so. 

The false theory that we are getting 
worse instead of better has been advanced 
by some, with a view of palliating their own 
misconceptions and errors; but by a stu- 
dious observation of their words and ac- 
tions, I have discovered that these same 
men, when closely pressed, seem to grope 
more in the dark than at first. For instance, 
Ingersoll, after his many lectures and public 
utterances, exploded his theory, in the 



Ingersoll. 27 

funeral sermon delivered over his brother, 
when he ended, if I am not mistaken, with 
these words, or the substance of them : 
"Wrecked on the shores of time, hoping 
for the best." 

Now, after having been so zealous in 
endeavoring to convince men of the truth 
of his views, why should he wreck them 
at the very moment they need assistance? 
for we cannot suppose that man is able 
to pass through such an ordeal alone. 
Wrecked means ruined, or, at least, to suffer 
loss. Ingersoll may have used the word, 
"stranded;" but if he did, the meaning is 
the same. 

Now, my dear reader, what right has 
any man to destroy your hope, unless he 
first give you some foundation for a better 
one. No man is justified in robbing you 
of your faith, if he cannot supply one more 
perfect in its stead ; and this has never yet 
been found. 

Then walk steadfastly in the true path, 
which never fails to lead men to happiness. 
Sincere worship of God, and pure, unselfish 



28 ' Their Duty. 

motives, will guide you safely through 
trouble and ruin ; and as the great Jehovah 
is able to take care of His people, they 
are growing better daily: hence, this nation 
must surely be advancing in civilization 
and Christian fellowship with God. 

The large increase of our population, by 
its natural resources and immigration, is 
addinQf hundreds of thousands to our num- 
bers yearly ; and there must be some means 
provided to feed, clothe and educate them 
to be true American citizens. There is a 
duty to be performed in the future, which the 
American people have thus far neglected, 
and that is, that when foreigners come to our 
country they should be made to understand 
that this is America, and that to become 
citizens they will be required to adopt 
American principles, and while they are 
enjoying the protection and all the privi- 
leges of a free nation, to refrain from instill- 
ing into their children's minds the idea that 
they are living in Italy, Germany, Ireland, 
or any other European country. 

American freedom is not constituted on 



Growth of Years. 29 

narrow-minded or prejudiced principles ; 
men and women are not to live here, as it 
were, in their own shells, without regard to 
their fellow man. On the contrary, every 
man should be ready to help elevate his 
neighbor, as we do not know what time 
may bring forth, nor how near the ties of 
family relation may be drawn. In helping 
one another we may thus be of service to 
a future son-in-law or daughter-in-law. 
True American principles do not confine 
themselves to sectarian strifes nor sectional 
schools, neither are they bounded by the 
points of the compass. 

What is a benefit to one State will di- 
rectly or indirectly benefit all ; just so with 
a neighborhood — what is an advantage to 
one is profitable to all, provided it fosters a 
true and legitimate business. 

This nation, in the last twenty-five years, 
has grown more in beauty, grandeur and 
wealth than in the fifty years preceding, and 
in intelligence, wisdom and science is the 
equal of any country on the face of the 
globe. Nor has it been idle in religious 




^i!i : r : innir iiii, i i i i i iiiiii i ii i u ii ii i Mui i [i iiii ii iii i i i;n ii ii iiii ii ii i ii ii i u ii i ii i iiiiii i i i i Hi i iiM iiii i ii ii»iM iii i,Mni i H i i i iiiiM iii i i i i M i iULNMM i in ii : ii si i :niii i ii ii i ii iii i iiii i >C 



Fur the}' Advanced. 31 

matters, for to-day we can boast of nu- 
merous churches and public institutions ot 
charity. 

When we pause to consider all this, we 
must admit that there is a Supreme Ruler 
who watches over the destinies of our 
country, and that He is fully competent to 
euide the affairs of His kingdom ; therefore, 
I repeat, that at the present time, we are 
further advanced in every respect than we 
have ever been before. 

There are a great many things yet to be 
done, and much room for improvement; 
for as this nation develops itself its wants 
multiply; but it seems as if Providence had 
so ordained, that as our demands increase, 
ingenuity supplies them with different in- 
ventions. 

It has not been long since a noted lord 
of England thought it was impossible 
to engineer a railroad with success, and 
advanced the idea that if a cow should get 
on the track, there would be no remedy; 
but he was told by the inventor that "it 
would be bad for the cow, my lord." In 



32 Cow & R.R. 

the history of railroads, it has proved, in 
many instances, to be bad for both the 
railroad and the cow. But trains move on, 
and that, too, on time ; old fogyism does not 
stop them ; and now it is only a matter of 
time and money, to have friends hundreds 
of miles apart meet each other in a few 
short hours. 

The history of our country has been 
written by so many different authors, that 
it is hardly necessary for me even to speak 
of it here; but I must refer my reader to its 
pages, in order to convince him that this 
country's constitution is founded on a 
different basis from that of monarchies; 
and when one reflects upon the great and 
glorious boon of freedom which we enjoy, 
he cannot refrain from exclaiming, in joy 
similar to that of the noble Roman : — 

"I, too, am an American." 

Proud, happy America ! How many poor, 
down-trodden victims of misfortune have 
found rest and shelter on thy hospitable 
soil! How many families have been re- 
deemed from poverty and disgrace, to find 



Aristocracy. 33 

homes and honors awaiting- them here. 
England, with its iron-shod heel, crushed 
many a poor soul to the earth, until the 
pressure was too galling to bear, and she 
was compelled to release her struggling 
victims. Thanks be to God that such a 
victory can be recorded in the history of 
America. 

The aristocracy of the old world held the 
poor man under, and would still continue 
to do so, but for the discovery of America 
and its glorious results. Men have found 
out that the freedom of this nation has 
worked miracles for the human family, and 
will do so to the end of time. They know, 
too, that great emperors or kings, presidents 
or governors do not wear much larger coats 
than their fellow men, and, in many cases, 
are far inferior in knowledge to their hum- 
bler subjects. 

Then let all kings, emperors, presidents 
and governors beware how they conduct 
themselves, for ten thousand thousand 
eyes are constantly on the alert, watching 
their every action and movement. A veto, 
c 



Abraham Lincoln. 35 

or a sanction of a bill, at this period, is 
known to all ends of the earth, in a very 
short time, and is freely discussed by 
men in all the walks of life. Incidents 
and events are commented upon in the 
workshop as well as in the pulpit or at the 
bar. We have seen, among the great 
rulers of our country, one, who, from the 
humble occupation of a' rail splitter, rose to 
the highest office in the gift of the Ameri- 
can people — that of President of the 
United States. It was he, who, by his 
unerring judgment alone, saved our beloved 
country in the hour of her greatest need. 
Let all heads bow in reverence to the 
memory of Abraham Lincoln. 

The poor boy who ate his bread as he 
walked the streets of Philadelphia snatched 
lightning from the heavens and converted 
it to his own use ; and to-day it is the means 
by which we can converse with friends 
many miles away, and with our own voices. 

Old foeies have called men fools, and, 
in the course of time, have become con- 
vinced who the real fools were, and have 



36 The Sale. 

been men enough to acknowledge them 
selves in the wrong. 

The best families sometimes make mis- 
takes, and only awake to consciousness 
when too late to avert the evil conse- 
quences of their errors; like the unlucky 
huntsman, who, mistaking- his target, pulls 
the fatal trigger, hears the loud report, 
and rushing to- secure his game, finds it 
has escaped him. It is then he truly 
realizes his situation. 

Governments, like individuals, can com- 
mit grave errors, and they are much more 
difficult to correct. 

When a faction of the Democratic party 
sold its electors to Horace Greeley, it made 
a sale, but in that transaction it failed to 
deliver all its goods. It is true, many a 
eood Democratic citizen was delivered, 
but there were others, equally as good, 
who were not, and the results are known. 

But in this campaign a reunion has taken 
place, and victory is ours. Now it remains 
to be seen what the party will do for the 
benefit of our country; for, as we well 



Administration. 37 

know, this is a government for the people, 
and when the chief magistrate is sworn in, 
he becomes the president of all the people 
alike. 

In the policy of the next administration, 
which will be that of Grover Cleveland, 
three words will be sufficient for guidance, 
if adhered to properly; these are, "Indus- 
try, Progress and Protection." As self 
preservation is the first law of nature with 
man, so it must be with a nation. If this 
country was ever worth fighting for, it is 
also worth protecting, lest, in the hour 
when least expected, the foe may appear 
and bear away the prize. 

It is said that when a vulture swoops 
down upon a flock, it always takes the 
choicest. 

People who need to earn their bread by 
the sweat of their brow must have employ- 
ment, and there is enough to do for all, if 
properly managed ; it is much better to 
keep them in the workshops than in the 
prisons and almshouses. 

I ask any statesman what will be the 







i'E % H:4 



fTJAS 



11% 



Bread Riots. 39 

consequence if improvement is stopped, 
and our mechanics idle, or obliged to com- 
pete with the cheap labor of other nations. 
It would drive them and their families from 
our churches and schools, simply for want 
of proper food and clothing. 

Nor can this nation afford to have bread 
riots, caused by a stagnation in business, 
merely to conform with some old fogy- 
principles. There is no time now to cry 
for spilt soup which has evaporated years 
ago. The past has gone forever, and we 
must look ahead, not back, for the breakers 
that will destroy the ship are not behind 
it, but before ; so stand to the helm and 
watch. 

Columbus went forth to discover Amer- 
ica; he did not seek it in the interior ot 
Spain. Nations, like men, must await their 
opportunities and improve them. 

The time is not far distant when new 
issues will appear before the people. The 
conflicts caused by agitators in trade 
unions have already begun, and those who 
claim to be mechanics, but too eood to 



40 The Agitator. 

work, are trying to array labor against 
capital. Not the true laboring mechanic, 
for he works to earn his bread ; but the 
mechanic who has grown beyond his busi- 
ness, and, wishing- to secure ag-g-randise- 
ment, presses himself upon the true labor- 
ing mechanic to attain his object. My dear 
reader, did you ever contemplate the result 
of labor arrayed against capital ? Why, 
sir, it would ruin both these great elements 
that are absolutely necessary for the pro- 
gress of any great nation. Capital, it is 
true, could consume herself and live for 
a time ; but, on the contrary, labor could 
not ; and if you withdraw labor from capi- 
tal, capital suffers, while labor really starves. 
The results would immediately lead to 
bread riots, war, famine, arson and all 
other evils that can be conceived. 

Now let our great statesmen remember, 
that when a country has attained a popu- 
lation like this — of fifty-five millions of 
people — there must be a union of its best 
men. These are the capitalists and laborers, 
who, to be prosperous, must walk hand in 



Hand in Hand. 41 

hand, and fight, if necessary, to protect each 
other; for in their mutual confidence lies 
their power. The capitalist who puts his 
million in an enterprise, perhaps invests his 
whole fortune; he may employ a hundred 
men, who only give their daily labor, and 
at the end of the week receive their com- 
pensation; but the enterprise may be a 
failure, and he loses his all, while the laborer 
is disappointed in his job, but the next day 
is ready to work at another. 

In the history of labor strikes, in this 
country as in others, we find they always 
prove to be a loss to the striker as well as 
to all connected with them. Now if this be 
a fact, which I believe it is, why should 
this government allow agitators to play 
their pranks on innocent and unsuspicious 
people? Take, for example, the history of 
the Rebellion, which was permitted to grow 
openly to maturity, under the immediate 
presence of James Buchanan, the sworn 
President of the United States. The gov- 
ernment should learn from its past expe- 
rience how to conduct its future policy. 



42 The Fall. 

History, it is claimed, repeats itself; if so, 
let the coming administration and all great 
political parties take heed, when they see the 
timbers of a great structure beginning to 
part, to stand from under, lest it fall and 
crush them. Nations, kingdoms and parties 
will recognize, in this comparison, that 
"united, we stand, divided, we fall," has an 
important and significant meaning. 

The recent fall of the Republican party 
illustrates the old proverb: "Rule or 
Ruin." The latter generally ends most 
disastrously for the leader ; and, I would 
add to this, that good management consists 
in the ability to direct affairs to the best 
advantage of those concerned, whether they 
be a nation or a party. 

The past campaign has been a peculiar 
one ; the various issues involved and 
opinions expressed, together with its dif- 
ferent candidates, have brought before the 
people some new ideas, as well as suggested 
a few well-merited criticisms. 

In the first place, when the Republican 
party was in convention at Chicago, the 



TJic Convention. 43 

Stalwarts and Half-breeds showed their va- 
riance at once, and their ambition, it would 
seem, was not so much the successful nomi- 
nation of their candidate, as it was the defeat 
of the opposing element, no matter how fatal 
the result might prove to the party. Rule 
or ruin must have been the motto of the 
two leading aspirants. Both factions were 
eager to grasp the prize, but appeared to 
think only of the present rival, not the out- 
side foe ; and while they were providing a 
way, as they each supposed, to success, they 
were simply paving the road for their 
enemy to ride to victor}'. 

In like manner, when the Democrats 
held their convention in the same room, 
some time after, a similar feeling prevailed ; 
while the old Democratic leaders made 
their wants known, the element of true 
progress in the party was clamoring to 
have its views on the subject heard and 
adopted. They claimed that, as the old 
faction had led them so many times to 
defeat, their true policy was to shake off 
the old fogy principles of the party, and, as 



44 True Words. 

it were, reorganize it, by coming to the front 
with a live platform ; and they made many 
a speech which originated new ideas in 
the minds of all who heard them. One, 
in particular, was made by a representative 
from the East, who referred to the New 
York delegation in these terms : "You are 
slaves, and talking with the tongues of your 
masters." No truer words were everuttered, 
in my opinion, than these ; for many a 
Democrat has worked under the lash of that 
bondage, rather than stand out and be a 
free man. They have done so ever since 
their first vote was cast; and also at the 
very time of the nomination of General 
George B. McClellan, when that faction 
tied on his neck the placard that the war 
was a failure, and demanded immediate 
settlement. 

It has swayed its sceptre of power with a 
bold, fierce hand, and has led the Demo- 
cratic party to defeat. It would have done 
so in the last campaign, had it not been for 
the mistakes of those Republican leaders, 
who have fallen into the same vice ; for 



The Thrust. 45 

virtually, although their candidate has been 
the victorious one, the Democrats received 
their greatest defeat in the recent contest — 
a defeat equal to that of Grace, who ran 
for the office of Mayor of the city of New 
York in 1 880. 

Had the members of the Democratic 
party, in convention at Chicago, adhered 
to wholesome advice, they would have 
carried the greater portion of all the North- 
ern States. With the feeling of the com- 
munity, the three words, "Industry, Pro- 
gress and Protection," would have been 
the only platform needed to do so, and, 
short as it would have been, every elector 
could have understood its meaning. 

The race would have been won so easily 
that the Democratic horse would have 
reached the goal, been taken in and 
groomed, before the Republican one could 
have been seen in the distance. 

But it all happened for the best; and 
since the Democrats have come into power, 
simply by a back-hand thrust of the Re- 
publican party, the situation will be care- 



46 5/. John. 

fully studied, before the work of the next 
administration begins. 

It is certainly more advantageous for a 
country, that its politics should be divided 
as equally as possible, for, when such is 
the case, the candidate of each party has 
greater respect for his constituents. 

I must not forget St. John ; for he, it is 
written, was a noted saint, in his day, and 
a few comments, perhaps, will not disturb 
his ashes. 

The great cause of Temperance no man 
will discountenance, and Prohibition I will 
not at present discuss; but in considering 
the subject of Temperance in all its bear- 
ings, I do not feel that I trespass on the 
rights or interests of any man ; but, on the 
contrary, think it my duty and privilege to 
say a few words to my readers on so im- 
portant a matter. 

In the first place, I sincerely believe that 
God, in His all-wise providence, created 
man perfect, and in giving him his different 
desires and passions, made them holy ; or, 
to be fully understood, I may say, all the 



5/. John. 47 

passions of men are holy ones. But man 
is a free moral agent, and can do as he 
pleases, excepting therefrom, always, that 
he control his passions and not allow them 
to control him. The only true way to be 
temperate is in the practice of this theory ; 
so I believe, at least, and judge I am cor- 
rect. Nay, further; I believe my readers 
will sustain me in this assertion. 

In the organization of the Prohibition 
party, the Temperance people did the very 
best thing that ever was undertaken for 
that cause; it was high time to marshal to- 
gether their forces, and no one could have 
objected to it and make such objection 
honestly. For, while they were organiz- 
ing, they had a perfect right to drill their 
men, and had St. John, as well as others 
who undertook the generalship, been 
wise, they would have achieved a brilliant 
victory. If St. John had marched to the 
battle-field with his men, and instructed 
them how to act in order to help their 
friends wherever they might be found, and 
then disbanded them, and issued a procla- 
mation that he would not stand between the 



48 Ben Butler. 

two great political parties of the country, but 
only claim protection from the victor, to-day 
the cause of Temperance would be in the 
ascendant. No matter how the contest 
should have been decided, whether for 
Cleveland or Blaine, the successful candi- 
date would have been in duty bound to 
recognize him and his adherents. For 
twenty long years they have struggled to 
obtain a foothold in the land, only, it would 
seem, to be led up to the cannon's mouth 
for their destruction. 

On the laboring men's ticket I will not 
dwell, for it exploded prematurely : never- 
theless, I will say, that those who take 
Benjamin Butler for a fool had better first 
pull the beam out of their own eye. 

I greatly admire the new political field 
that Mrs. Lock wood and her followers 
have presented to the gentler sex, and I 
heartily wish God-speed to their cause, 
particularly if it be a good one, as I sin- 
cerely trust it is. At some future day I 
hope to see the good women of our country 
accorded the right of an equal represent- 
ation. 




g^rt WiW. CtHPtttLA 



MISS COLUMBIA. 



Mid all the nations on the globe, 
Where shall we go to find a robe 
To dress our daughter for the ball, 
And crown her fairest of them all ? 

In years she is not far advanced ; 
But every young man is entranced 
When gazing on her youthful face, 
Its wondrous beauty and sweet grace. 

'Tis for the great Inauguration 
She must be clothed to suit her station ; 
We could not let it go to press, 
That she had not a suitable dress. 

Her Uncle Sam has racked his brain, 
And speaks of France, and then of Spain 
But silk and lace she must not wear, 
Though one is rich, the other rare. 

He says that she is his delight, 
And must look regal to the sight, 
But not like any silly flirt ; 
So burnished bronze will be her skirt. 

Her waist will be of polished steel, 
Costly and bright, yet very genteel, 
And round it clasped a belt of gold, 
Enriched with diamonds manifold. 

51 



52 Miss Columbia. 

Necklace and bracelets set with charms, 
Will circle her neck and well-formed arms, 
While silver will her hose complete, 
And finest glass encase her feet. 

In golden waves will fall her hair 
Around her brow and form so fair, 
With jewels peeping in and out, 
And dainty blossoms round about. 

And now behold you, one and all, 
Arrayed and ready for the ball, 
She stands, our loved Columbia, 
The daughter of America. 

Let every man his homage pay 
To our sweet queen this festal day, 
And wave his cap, and proudly cry, 
For her I live, for her will die. 

Then let every nation a fair warning take ; 
Who dares to offend her retribution must make ; 
And after thiseveningshe'll stay quietly home, 
Where any may find her, on the Capitol dome. 



THE INAUGURATION. 



In the inauguration of our different presi- 
dents, either party has made more or less 
demonstration, but on the occasion so near 
at hand we may expect one of the grandest 
displays of the kind ever witnessed in 
Washington. The beautiful paved streets 
and wide avenues of our Capital make it 
one of the finest cities in the world for the 
exhibition of well-drilled companies and 
civic organizations, while its climate, ^en- 
erally speaking, is pleasant and healthful at 
that time of the year. Of course, we have 
had some cold and disagreeable days, but, 
by comparison, these are few in number. 

So we may hope that the 4th of March, 
1885, will dawn in unusual lightand splendor 
over the most beautiful city in America. 
The statue of the Goddess of Liberty will 
smile in the sun's reflected brightness, and 
from her shoulders will float the Star-span- 
gled banner ; her face will be powdered 
53 



54 Uncle Sam. 

with the frost of a March morning, and life 
will be all that is wanting to see her wave 
her cap in honor of her country. 

Uncle Sam will be abroad, arrayed in 
a suit made from the flag of Bunker Hill, 
and he will walk along with a quick, proud 
step, as he always does when such an im- 
posing ceremony is to take place. 

His tall beaver will be raised to Miss 
Columbia, as he passes through the Capitol 
grounds, and his eager glance will note the 
many and extensive preparations for the 
day's festivities. He will go immediately 
to the White House, to inform Chester A. 
Arthur that he is expected to vacate at one 
o'clock precisely, and at the same time bid 
him escort the^president elect to the Capitol, 
in his private carriage, drawn by six horses, 
two blacks, two whites, and two bays. He 
will also inform him that he must fasten in 
the lappel of Grover Cleveland's coat a 
Marshal Neil rosebud, taken from the 
conservatory of the White House, and 
then introduce him to Chief Justice Waite, 
who will administer the oath of office. 



Exciting Scenes. 55 

Having so ordered, Uncle Sam will 
walk home with elastic step, and get his 
breakfast, which he usually takes at eight 
o'clock. By this time the streets will be 
in a bustle, from the curbstone to the top of 
the Monument, and the city will be alive 
with pedestrians and vehicles. Life and 
beauty will be the order of the day, and 
the happiest people that ever thronged a 
capitol will be found in Washington. 

There will be hardly less than a million 
of people in the District, for many, in all 
parts of the United States and Canada, 
have already engaged rooms, and even 
windows, to look out on the avenue. Eu- 
ropeans, too, have made arrangements to 
witness the inaugural ceremonies. Every 
one will be expected to be on his good 
behavior on that day, and appear in his 
holiday attire, to do honor to the occasion. 
Men with their wives or sweethearts, or 
other relations, will be in the city as early 
as the dawn. Special trains will be run on 
all the railroads, at reduced rates, to accom- 
modate the many passengers, and steam- 



56 Floi'a McFlimsy. 

boats from Norfolk and other southern 
points will arrive, crowded to their utmost 
capacity. 

Flora McFlimsy will, in all probability, 
make her presence known at this time, as 
we can safely suppose, she has at last found 
something to wear. It is said that at the 
last inauguration, that of Garfield, after 
looking over her wardrobe of one hun- 
dred and one different dresses, she sat 
down and cried, because she could find 
nothing suitable to wear. However, Uncle 
Sam paid her a visit since, and offered her 
the flag of Barbara Fritchee, which she 
declined, with the remark that its texture 
was too old, but to please him she would 
immediately order a handsome dress from 
Paris, made by Worth. If these rumors 
are correct, we may expect her, knowing 
that she will be welcomed with hearty 
cheers, as it has been a long time since 
her last appearance in society. 

All the belles of Washington will be 
out, and with them their lady cousins from 
Baltimore, whom they have invited to come 



The Prize. 57 

and enjoy the celebration. When these 
sister cities are represented by the fair sex, 
I will challenge all the others in the Union 
to compete with them, for the prize of 
beauty. This will consist of a very valuable 
diamond necklace, studded with sapphires, 
set diagonally, and beautiful in the extreme. 
It will be presented by a young- gentle- 
man from New York, provided he shall 
see fit to do so, and the young lady ac- 
cepts his hand. 

There will be a representation of the 
different cities of the South and West, by 
ladies, and should the weather prove un- 
propitious, and the streets moist or muddy, 
there will be a ereat demand for trail- 
bearers, which can be readily supplied in 
Washington. 

The utmost pains will be taken to have 
the visitors enjoy themselves, and in all 
the vacant places along the avenue seats 
will be erected for the accommodation of 
the weary, where they can receive rest and 
comfort for a slight compensation. These 
seats will be 20,000 or upward, in number, 



58 Inauguration Ceremonies. 

each competent to hold from two to six 
persons, and they will be inspected by 
the Building Committee, to insure safety 
from accident. 

The Inauguration ceremonies will be su- 
perintended by a committee of fifty persons, 
and Colonel James G. Berret, of Wash- 
ington, D. C, will act as chairman of said 
committee. This has been done by re- 
quest of the National Executive Committee, 
Dec. ioth, 1884, which is composed of the 
following officers : — 

Hon. A. P. Gorman, Chairman. 
Hon. A. H. Garland, Hon. D. R. Paige, 

Hon. John E. Kenna, Hon. Wm. S. Rosecrans, 

Hon. S. M Stockslager, Hon. J. H. Murphy. 

Hon. R. S Stevens, 

Hon. Geo. A. Post, Secretary. 

Watson Boyle, Assistant Secretary. 

A. A. Wilson, Treasurer. 

The details of the Inauguration cere- 
monies will be carried out under the super- 
vision of the following Committees : — 

GENERAL COMMITTEE. 



Col. Berret, Chairman, 
James E. Harvey, Secretary, 
A. A. Wilson, 
John E. Norris, 
Dr. Toner, 



Lawrence Gardner, 
W. D. Davidge, 
M. F. Norris, 
Major Lydecker, 
C. M. Matthews, 



60 



Reception Committee. 



F. L. Moore, 
F. B. McGuire, 
J. P. Willett. 
C. C. Glover, 

F. A. Richardson, 
Frank Hume, 

G. W. Adams, 
H. A. Willard, 
Admiral Worden, 
W. M. Gait, 



R. O. Holtzman, 
Gen. McKeever, 
Geo. W. Cochran, 
Geo. McHenry, 
T.J. Luttrell, 
Stilson Hutchins, 
Gen. J. G. Parke, 
Rear Admiral Rodgers, 
Thomas J. Fisher. 



SUB-COMMITTEES. 

I. RECEPTION COMMITTEE, 

To take charge of all distinguished guests, especially at the In- 
auguration Ball. 

The Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme 
Court of the United States, the Chief Justice and Judges of the 
Court of Claims, the Chief Justice and Judges of the Supreme 
Court of the District of Columbia, and the Commissioners of the 
District of Columbia. 



Hon. W. W. Corcoran, 
Gen. Richard C. Drum, 
Rr. Adm. T. A. Jenkins, 
Com. W. W. Queen, 
Rr. Adm. C. W. Wells, 
Rr. Adm. T. H. Stevens, 
Col. Thos. L. Casey, 
Hon. G. S. Boutwell, 
W D. Davidge. 
Hon. Horatio King, 
Dr. Daniel P. Clarke, 
Geo. A. Mcllhenny, 
Maj. Frank E. Taylor, 
Gen. M. C. Meigs, 
Gen. C. McKeever, 
John M. Sims, 
Col. C. G. McCawley, 
Prof. Spencer F. Baird, 
Jas. C. Welling, lid., 
Chas. M. Matthews, 
Com. S. B. Franklin, 
Paymaster Kenney, 
Hon. J. H. McKenney, 
Hamilton«G. Fant, 
Jas. C. McGuire, 
Col. C. J. Bonaparte, 
Dr. W. W. Johnston, 
Hon. Eppa Hunton, 
John A. Baker, 
Gen. A. St. Clair Denver, 
Dr. C. P. Culver, 
Hon. Wash. McLean, 



Col. C. Alexander, 

Henry S. Davis, 

Com. G. C. Remey, 

Com. H. F. Picking, 

H. O. Claughton, 

Linden Kent, 

James E. Harvey, 

John J. Beall, 

Gen. Wm. McKee Dunn, 

R. S. Davis, 

Col. Wright Rives, 

Gen. R. Macfeeley, 

Gen. N. L. Anderson, 

John Seklen, 

J. H. McH. Hollingsworth, 

R. K. Elliott, 

Edward Clarke, 

Bennet H. Hill, 

E. E. White, 
Nathaniel Wilson, 
Theodore Sheckeis, 
William King, Sr., 
W. W. Burdette, 

F. C. Dean, 
Charles Worthington, 
Maj.G. C. Goodloe, 
R. Ross Perry, 

G. E. Hamilton, 
Col. James G. Payne, 
G. W. Phillips, 
Michael Talty, 
John W. Drew, 



Reception Committee. 



61 



B. P. Snyder, 
Anthony Pollock, 
A. H. Lowery, 
Surg. Gen. R. Murray, 
Dr. G. Maulsby, U. S. N., 
Com. H. C. Taylor, 
Gen. P. H. Sheridan, 
Hon. George Bancroft, 
Maj. Gen. H G. Wright, 
Surg. Gen. F. M. Gunnell, 
Gen. W B. Hazen, 
Comd'r A. A. Semmes, 
Comd'r H. L. Howison, 
Vice Adm. S. C. Rowan, 
John E. Norris, 
Rr. Adm. C. R. P. Rodgers, 
Maj. G. L. Lydecker, 
John \V. Thompson, 
Hon. R. T. Merrick, 
Gen. John G. Parke, 
Rob't J. Ingersoll, 
Geo. W. Cochran, 
F. L. Moore, 
Dr. Jos. M. Toner, 
Dr. R. S. L. Walsh, 
Adm. D. D. Porter, 
Comd'r A. H. McCormick, 
Comd'r R. D. Evans, 
M. W. Gait, 
Josiah Dent, 
Ben. Perley Poore, 
Hon. Jos. H. Bradley, 
Dr. A. Y. P. Garnett, 
Allen McLane, 
A. Ross Ray, 
Jeff. Chandler, 
Anthony Hyde, 

C. W. Bennett, 

A Senator and Representative from each State and Territory, 
as follows: — 

Maine — William P. Frye, Nelson Dingley. 
New Hampshire — H. W. Blair, J. W. Stewart. 
Vermont — George F. Edmunds, Ossian Raj'. 
Rhode Island — N. W. Aldrich, Jonathan Chace. 
Massachusetts — Henry L. Dawes, Patrick A. Collins. 
Connecticut — Joseph R. Hawley, William W. Eaton. 
New York — E. G. Lapham, Samuel S. Cox. 
New Jersey — John R. McPherson, William McAdoo. 
Pennsylvania — J. Donald Cameron, Samuel J. Randall. 
Delaware — Thomas F. Bayard, Charles B. Lore. 
Maryland — James B. Groome, John V. L. Findlay. 
Virginia — Henry H. Riddleberger, John S. Barbour. 
West Virginia — Johnson N. Camden. C. Philip Snyder. 
North Carolina — Zebulon Vance, William R. Cox. 
South Carolina — Wade Hampton, Samuel Dibble. 
Georgia — Joseph E. Brown, James H. Blount. 



Mahlon Ashford, 

Leigh Robinson, 

Titian J. Coffey, 

Col. Lorenzo Sigraves, 

E. D. Hartley, 

Robert W. McHenry, 

Wm. H. Tenney, 

J. C. G. Kennedy, 

Thomas Hyde, 

Alex. Porter Morse, 

D. R. McKee, 

M. W. Beveridge, 

Judge T. W. Bartley, 

W. B. Webb, 

W. F. Mattingly, 

W. E. Howard, 

John T. Given, 

W. R. Riley, 

Robert Beall, 

John T. Lenman, 

S. H. Kauffman, 

B. L. Blackford, 

Simon Wolf, 

William Laird, 

Gen. D. Walker, 

Mills Dean, 

Reginald Fendall, 

Benjamin G. Lovejoy, 

Henry Polkinhorn, 

W. M. Shuster, Sr., 

J. Hollins McBlair, 

G. W. Shutt, 

B. Robinson, 

Dr. N. S. Lincoln, 

S. P. Quackenbush, 

Maj. Gen. John Newton, 

Gen. S. V. Benet. 



62 



Finance Committee. 



Alabama — John T. Morgan, William H. Forney. 
Mississippi — L. Q. C. Lamar, O. R. Singleton. 
Florida— Charles W. Jones, R. H. M. Davidson. 
Louisiania— Benjamin F. Jones, Floyd King. 
Texas — Samuel B. Maxey, John H. Reagan. 
Ohio — George H. Pendleton, Benjamin Le Fevre. 
Michigan — Omar D. Conger, William C. Maybury. 
Wisconsin — Angus Cameron, P. V. Deuster. 
Indiana — D. W. Voorhees, William S. Holman. 
Illinois — John A. Logan, William R. Morrison. 
Minnesota— S. J. R. McMillan, Horace B. Strait. 
Iowa— William B. Allison, J. H. Murphy. 
Missouri — Francis M. Cockrell, A. H. Buckner. 
Arkansas — Augustus H Garland, J. K.Jones. 
Nebraska — Charles H. "Van Wyck, E. K. Valentine. 
Nevada — James G. Fair, George W. Cassidy. 
Colorado— Nathaniel P. Hill, James P. Belford. 
Oregon — James H. Slater, M. C. George. 
California — John T. Farley, William S. Rosecrans. 
Kentucky — James B. Beck, John G. Carlisle. 
Tennessee — Isham G. Harris, George G. Dibrell. 
Arizona — G. H. Oury. 
Idaho — T. F. Singiser. 
Montana — Martin Maginnis. 
New Mexico — F. A. Manzanares. 
Dakota — J. B. Raymond. 
Wyoming — M. E. Post. 
Washington — T. H. Brents. 
Utah— J. T. Caine. 



2. FINANCE COMMITTEE, 



To receive funds and 
office, this committee 

Levi Z. Leiter, Chairman 
W. W. Corcoran, 

D. Willis James, 
Alexander Mitchell, 
Eugene Kelley, 
W.C.Whitney, 

E. R. Bacon, 

R. T. Woodward, 
Erastus Corning, 
John R. McLean, 
George W. Childs, 
(iardnerG. Hubbard, 
Eckley B. Cone, 
Addison Cammack, 
Edward Cooper, 
Hugh J. Grant, 
Charles B. Button, 
William R. Travers, 
Gen. John B. Gordon, 
Thomas M. Lanahan, 
H. Grafton Dulaney, 
John Arnot, 
B. S. Stevens, 
Hon. Leopold Morse, 



to turn them over to the treasurer, whose 
respectfully suggest, should be created 

M. W. Gait, 
Daniel B. Clarke, 
H. M. Sweeney, 
John W. Thompson, 
M. G. Emery, 
Edward Weston, 
Gen. N. L. Anderson, 
John E. Kendall, 
Norris Peters, 
Charles Payson, 
Joseph C.McKibbin, 
D. W. Mahon, 
P. H. Hooe, 
Hon. R. P. Flower, 
Robert Garrett, 
Joseph J. O'Donohue, 
William L. Scott, 
O. H. Payne, 
August Belmont, 
Maj. W. H. Thomas, 
Jonathan Scoville, 
Charles J. Canda, 

A. J. Drexel, 

B. K. Jamison, 



Committee on Public Comfort. 63 



John Cadwallader, Jr., 
B. J. McGrann, 
A. S. Hewitt, 
William R. Grace, 
O. B. Potter, 
George H. B. White, 
Jesse Seligman, Jr., 
Hon. Henry G. Davis, 
Robert Beverly, 
Isaac Bell, Jr., 
Charles L. Mitchell, 
F. O. Prince, 
James Sloan, Jr., 
Edward Temple, 
E. Frank Riggs, 
Samuel Norment, 
John A. J. Creswell, 

3. COMMITTEE i)N PUBLIC COMFORT, 

To procure and furnish information in reference to the accom- 
modation of visitors. 



Lewis G. Davis, 

C. J.Hillyer, 

Jesse B. Wilson, 

Henry A. Willard, 

James S. Edwards, 

Charles J. Bell, 

R. O. Holtzman, 

S. T. Suit, 

William E. Clarke, Alexandria, Va. 

G. G. Young, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

David King, Newport. R. I. 

James J. Faye, New York. 

S. T. House, Helena, Mont. 

James E. Coleman, San Francisco. 

Theodore W. Myers, New York. 

E. Kurtz Johnson, Colorado. 



L. Gardner, Chairman, 
Thos. E. Waggaman, 
H. O. Towles, 
C. C. Willard, 
C. W. Spofford, 
Frank Hollingshead, 
Charles S. Moore, 
Thomas H. Harbin, 
John L. Voght, 
Gen. Geo. W. Dyer, 
Isaac Landic, 
W. S. Thompson, 
W. W. Kirby, 
P. J. Duffy, 
E. F. Buckley, 
John S. Miller, 

0. G. Staples, 
James Lansburgh, 

1. Saks, 
John B. Scott, 

M. G. McCormick, 
A. H. Stephenson, 
J. Brad. Adams, 
Henry Hurt, 
W. R. Brown, 
Dr. C. M. Hammett, 
James Bagan, 
J. W. Kennedy, 

A. W. Fletcher, 
Geo. E. Kennedy, 
John D. Bartlett, 
Dr. A. P. Fardon, 

B. H. Stinemetz, 
Dr. H. I. Murray, 
Dr. G. P. Fenwick, 



E. J. Burtt, 
J. Fenwick Young, 
John S. Wright, 
William Selden, 
Theodore Roessle, 
J. Maury Dove, 
William F. Holtzman, 
Charles Wheatley, 
Levi Woodbury, 
Henry A. Clarke, 
George M. Oyster, Jr. 
Dr. Thomas O. Hill, 
Dennis Connell, 
J. E. Waugh, 
W. H. A. Wormley, 
Ch. Heurich, 
E. P. Hickey, 
Charles W. Pettit, 
Frank P. Madigan, 
Samuel Cross, 
George T. Howard, 
H. D. Mclntyre, 
R. F. Baker, 
Thomas F. Miller, 
Peter Fegan, 
W. W. McCullough, 
Thomas R. Benson, 
George W. Harvey, 
Daniel O'Brien, 
C. C. Lancaster, 
J. H. Johnson, 
Gilbert Towles, 
William H. Smith, 
Charles Mades, 
Walter Hawkes, 



64 Committee on Civic Associations. 



Dr. A. McWilliams, 
John T. Hogan, 
Dr. H. E. Leach, 



W. J. Tune, 
W. A. Croggin, 
Dr. R. A. Bacon. 



4. COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC ORDER, 



To co-operate with the 
department in reference 
order of the city during 

N. D. Larner, Chairman, 

C. W. Thorn, 

Dr. W. O. Baldwin, 

Thomas P. Morgan, 

M. A. McGowan, 

W. D. Peachy, 

L. G. Hine, 

Robert Ball, 

Joseph Gawler, 

L. Washington, 

Geo. K. Thos. Dowling. 

Alpheus Middleton, 

T. W. Boteler, 

W.J. Wilson, 

Charles D. Liebeman, 

F. D. Dowling, 

N. O. Poole, 

George Combs, 

T. A. Rover, 

John A. Ruff, 

R. E. White, 

H. P. Howard, 

George R. Gray, 

5. COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION, 

To secure cheap rates of transportation to the city and to procure 
and furnish information thereof. 



District Commissioners and the police 
to all matters pertaining to the good 
the Inauguration. 

Wm. H. Morrison, 
George W Cochran, 
O C. Green, 
Dr. James E. Morgan, 
Dr. Charles Allen, 
Dr. W. P. Young, 
Maj. Wm. McE. Dye, 
Edward Greaves, 
John Keyworth, 
Joseph Shillington, 
Charles Walter, 
John Boyle, 

E. A. Ridgeway, 
R. S. Fenwick, 

F. W. Pratt, 
Mayhew Plater, 
M. C. Shuster, 
I. L. Johnson, 
J. Fenwick Young, 
Julius Hugle, 
Charles P. Williams, 
H. T. Hudson. 



Henry L. Biscoe, Chairman, 

Frank Hume, 

George W. Knox, 

Percy G.Smith, 

Dr. Thos. B. Hammond, 

Samuel G. Eberley, 

C. C. Sailer, 

L. L. Blake, 

N. McDaniel, 

P. Fleming, 

William Wanstall, 



Oscar A. Stevens, 
George W. Moss, 
L. Newmyer, 
W. P. Welch, 
George R. Phillips, 
Lloyd R. Emmert, 
Wash. Nailor, 
R. C. Hewitt, 
R. A. Parke, 
T. W. Buckey, 
William C. Murdock. 



6. COMMITTEE ON CIVIC ASSOCIATIONS, 

To ascertain and report what accommodations such association? 
can obtain. 



Thos. J. Luttrell, Chairman, 
John E. Norris, 
W. A. Hutchins, 



I. Hadley Doyle, 
H. C. Clagett, 
E. D. Wright, 



Military Organisation Committee. 65 



J. C. Addison, 
Joseph Hamlin, 
Dr. C. P. Culver, 
J. W. Arnold, 
Dr. H. H. Barker, 
Geo. W. Bauer, 

B. T. Swart, 
R. L. Cropley, 
Bernard Kilmartin, 
Jackson Yates, 
James Goddard, 
Julius Emner, 

C. J. Butcher, 
Benjamin F. Lloyd, 
Joseph L. Coombs, 
E. P. Berry, 
Mills Dean, 

J. H. O'Brien, 
O. B. Dufour, 
R. C. Glasscock, 
Dr. Charles Allen, 
W. H. Maginnis, 
Charles S. Moore, 
T. A. Robertson, 
J. Fred. Kelley, 
J. D. Entwistle, 
W. A. Harkness, 
R. J. Kennedy, 
Daniel Loughran, 
P. H. Christman, 
R. E. Doyle, 
Charles White, 
J. B. Dayton, 
James L. Falbey, 
Clarence Hall, 
A. A. Lipscomb, 
Thomas F. Kelly, 
H. G. Trader, 
L. I. Dupre, 
C. H. Fickling. 
Dorsey Clagett, 
Charles F. Rowe, 
Edward Johnson, 



Robert Callahan, 
George T. Stewart, 
W. P. Bell, 
W. E. Dubant, 
Harry W. Barbour, 
Franklin Barrett, 
Thomas Muntz, 
W. H. Rose, 
George W. Gaddis, 
F H. Finley, 
Charles F. Shelton, 
L Newmeyer, 
Charles McLaughlin, 
George J. Johnson, 
George W. Donaldson, 
W. O. Berry, 
Maurice Splain, 
John Dickson, 
J T. Probey, 
E. D. Lynch, 
Thomas Cogan, 
Dennis Connell, 
J. Hall Colegate, 
George Courtney, 
Hezekiah Clagett, 
John H. Cooney, 
T. A. Hanson, 
John J. Cook, 
Hugh G. Divine, 
P F. Cusick, 
R. O. Edmonson, 
John J. Hollister, 
Julius Baumgarten, 
Arthur Small, 
John T. Green, 
William H. Douglas, 
Alvin Shuster, 
Nathaniel Sardo, 
Charles Thompson, Jr. 
M. J. Madegan, 
Joseph Fanning, 
John Leitch, 
Dr. W. Bowie Tyler. 



7. MILITARY ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE, 

To ascertain and report what accommodations military associ- 
ations may obtain. 



Col. Wm. G. Moore, Chairman, 

J. Tarbell Dyer, 

Gen. S. B. Holabird, 

Maj. Wm. B. Slack, 

Capt. J. F. Oyster, 

Col. George F. Timms, 

Capt. B. R. Ross, 

Capt. J. C. Entwistle, 

Capt. Jas. E. Waugh, 



Col. R. I. Fleming. 
A. S. Worthington, 
Lieut F. H. Harrington, 
Capt. R. M. Rogers, 
Capt. Levi Woodbury, 
Col. Amos Webster, 
M. M. Parker, 
Col. Rob't Boyd, 
E. S. Hutchinson, 



66 Decoration and Music Committee. 



Geo. E. Lemon, 

Capt. C A. Fleetwood, 

Capt. T. S. Kelly, 

Capt. D. M. Scott, 

Lt. Geo. Mitchell, 

T. V. W. Vandenbergh, 

H. D. Cooke, 

Col. J. G. Payne, 

P. M. Dubant, 

Charles Shafer, 

A. T. Britton, 

Capt. F. V. Greene, 

James P. Ryon, 

Jos. C. Let, 

James K. Geary, 

J. P. D. Phelps, 

Robert Christy, 

Gen. S. S. Henkle, 

Richard C. Lewis, 

Joseph Rickey, 

Jas. C. Addison, 

Allison Nailor, 

Col. Chas. G. McCawley, 

Gen. R. B. Ayers, 

Col. A. Rockwell, 

Capt. Wm. N. Dalton, 

Capt. John S. Miller, 

Capt. S. F. Thomasen, 

Capt. M. E. Urell, 

Lieut. J. O. Mansen, 

Gen. Jas. M. Varnum, 



Capt. H. Dingman, 
Lieut. Geo. W. Evans, 
Maj. C.Throckmorton, 
Col. P. H. Allaback, 
Gen. P. F. Bacon, 
Wm. S. Roose, 
Gen. H. L. Boughton, 
Gen. J. A. Farnsworth, 
Chas. W. Morgan, 
M. J. Weller, 
J. W. Drew, 
Frank Hume, 
Chris. Abner, 
Carl Mueller, 
Fillmore Beall, 
Fred. Geseking, 
Frank M. Lewis, 
Andrew Saks, 
Gen. Alb'tOrdway, 
Col. F. H. Smith, 
Col. L. P. Wright, 
Thos. Somerville, 
Matthew Goddard, 
Col. S. N. Benjamin, 
Gen. B. H. Robertson, 
F. P. Wright, 
Capt. Geo. Breitbath, 
Maj.C. B. Fisher, 
Maj. H. L. Crawford. 
Capt. G. A. Mushback, 
R. C. Gwyn. 



8. COMMITTEE ON ILLUMINATION, 

To arrange for the illumination of the hall for the Inauguration 
Ball. 



J. A. Baker, Chairman, 
J. C. Ergood, 
James L. Barbour, 
Samuel Norment, 
Watson Boyle, 
James Wilkinson, 
Charles B. Bailey, 
Charles S. Bradley, 
John F. Ennis, 
W. H, Bailey. 
Frank B. Mohun, 
William B. Orme, 
Robert M. Drinkard, 
Thomas Russell, 
Fred. W. Royce, 



James L. Norris, 
George A. Mcllhaney, 
James D. Clary, 
B. H. Warner, 
George W. Pearson, 
John W Corson, 
Charles G. Thorn, 
W. H. H. Cissel, 
N. H. Shea, 
A. A. Hayes, 
William H. Brawner, 
John B. Larner, 
Horatio Browning, 
R. G. Campbell, 



9. DECORATION AND MUSIC COMMITTEE, 

To provide for the decoration of the hall, and for music. 

E. G. Davis, Chairman, I Comd'r J. H Sands, 

Rr. Adm. J. L. Worden, Comd'r C. F. Goodrich, 

Edward Clarke, | Comd'r R. P. Leary, 



Committee on Floor and Promenade. 67 



Com. J. G. Walker, 
Com. W. S. Schley, 
Samuel Ross, 
Thos. B. Entwistle, 
W. M. Poindexter, 
Lieut. W. M. Wood, 
J. L. Smithmeyer, 

D. J. Macarty, 
H. D Boteler, 
Julius Lansburgh, 
Lloyd Moxley, 

C. W. Howard, 
W. L. Cowan, 

E. F. Casey, 
Henry C. McCauley, 
William Wheatley, 
Wm. F. Peddrick, 
Benjamin Charlton, 
Seaton Perry, 

R. E. Leitch, 
A. B. Mullett, 
Charles C. Duncanson, 
James F. Barbour, 
Capt. Geo.-W. Davis, 
Pat. H. McLaughlin, 
George Emmett, Jr., 
George T. Dunlop, 
Edward Droop, 
Lieut. T. B. M. Mason, 
Lieut. R. P. Rodgers, 
Paymaster Kenney, 
Lieut. C. Pendleton, 



C. E. Creecy, 
J. R. Marshall. 
Chas. A. Ball, 
E. N. Gray, 

B. B. Bradford, 
John Saul. 
John H. Small, 
Wm. H. Hoeke, 
Chas. A. Harkness, 
Gabriel Edmonston, 
John Brady, 
Chas. S. Denham, 
Geo. T. Deering, 
Edwin Harris, 
Walter T. Wheatley, 
S. H. Wimsatt, 

G. A. Shehan, % 
Robert Portner, 
Theo. J. Mayer, 
Thomas J. Gait, 
Chas. F. Schneider, 
James D. Martin, 
-Chas. G. Ball, 

C. W, Thorn, 
John Cammack, 
Edward Cammack, 
J. V. N. Huyck, 
Chas. H. Poor, 
David Kindelberger, 
A. M. Tubman, 

J. Walter Paris, 
Zephaniah Jones. 



IO. COMMITTEE ON FLOOR AND PROMENADE, 

To take special charge of the Inauguration Ball, to receive the 
guests, and to carry into effect the programme of entertainment. 



Wm. A. Gordon, Chairman, 

Henry H. Dodge, 

Woodbury Blair, ' 

W. Cranch Mclntire, 

Maj. C. Throckmorton, 

Reverdy Dangerfield, 

Richard Smith, 

Linden Kent, 

H. E. Davis, 

Calderon Carlisle, 

Wm. A. McKenney, 

Jesse Brown, 

James B. Nalle, 

Arthur T. Brice, 

Ward Mohun, 

Wm. H. Reeder, U. S. N., 

W. H. Scheutze.U. S. N., 

Frank Curtis, U. S. N., 

C. J. Bad«r, U. S. N., 

L. W. PiepWyer, U. S. N., 



Arthur Padelford, 
George W. Evans, 
Walter A. Gait, 
John M. Waters, 
Robert Willett, 
H. M. Norris, 
Capt. R. M. Rodgers, 
John Cochran, 
Capt. J. F. Oyster, 
Maj. A. S. Nicholson, 
A. W. Francis, 
William J. Acker, 
Joseph Beardsley, 
Frank J. Ward, 
Jay Cooke, 
Charles F. Schafer, 
Frank B Metzerott, 
Charles McCawley, 
John C. Poor, 
Wm. Hayden Edwards, 



68 Committee on Floor and Promenade. 



Jacob G. Moore, 
James M. Green, 
Thomas N. Calian, 
Dr. W. S. Harbin, 
Dr. R. H. Goldsborough, 

E. J Stellwagen, 
H. K. Willard, 
H. H. Alexander, 
Henry L. Bryan, 
Randall Hagner, 
R. H. Hazard, 
William M. Dove, 
Robert M. Lamer, 
George H. Kennedy, 
W. Riley Deeble, 
Samuel H. Wheeler, 
J. Hiram Doyle, 

M. C. Curtis, 
John B. Trajner, 
J. M. Johnston, 
James Lowndes, 
Wm. E. C. Moorhead, 
P. L. Phillips, 

F. W. Poor, 
Randall Webb, 

G. F. Appleby, 
W. V. R. Berry, 
Sevellon A. Brown, 
George B. Emory, 
Joseph Dodson, 
Charles Hill, 
Augustus Jay, 

H. Q. Keyworth, 
Harry H. Ellis, 
O. I. Meek, 
William R. Keyworth, 
F. E. Alexander, 
Robert Leding, 
John C. Wilson, 
Howard C. Russell, 
Ed. F. Hosmer, 
Howard Boteler, 
J. Blake Kendall, 
Orlando G. Wales, 
William C. Myers, 
H. Clay Stewart, Jr., 
Frank D Middleton, 
Francis Tourney, 
Robert S. Chew, 
A. H. Parris, 
Lieut. W. H. Slack, 
John G. Thompson, 
J. S. Larcombe, 
J. H. Cragin, 
John H. Magruder, 
C. R. McBlair, 
Gen. B. Robertson, 
J. J. Darlington, 



T. A. Lambert, 
Blair Lee, 
Wm. H. Phillips, 
T. L. Holbrook, 
Charles A. Elliott, 
Harry S. Barbour, 
J. H. Patrick, 

E. B. Hay, 

R. O. Holtzman, 
Frank G. Middleton, 
Ensign T. S. Rogers, 
Charles S. Moore, 

F. T. Browning, 
Irvine G. Ashby, 
F. B. Noyes, 
Charles H. Ruoff, 
Harrison H. Dodge, 
A. B. Cropley, 
Howard Goodrich, 
W. T. Wheatley, 
Charles E. Gait, 

C. H. Smith, 
Gait Davis, 
W. Lenox Towers, 
T. C. Quantrell, 
Charles Cropley, 
J. Edwin Wilson, 
S. N. Woodward, 
L. G. Marini, 
Ralph L Gait, 
William C. Hill, 
Samuel Maddox, 
T. L. Riggs, 
Ross Thompson, 
J. H. Gordon, 
Dr. T. F. McArdle, 
Dr. H. E. Leach, 
.Thomas M. Gale, 
George Gibson Colgate, 
W. O. N. Scott, 
Thomas C. Hungerford, 
Charles P. Williams, 
F. E. Middleton, 
William B. Boteler, 
John A. Downs, 
David Rittenhouse, 
C. C. Bryan, 
James E. Wilkins, 
W. W. Greenfield, 
John Hollister, 
Davis Shepherd, 
Cazenove G. Lee, 
H. F.Bauer, 
Frank B. Loving, 
Dr. William May, 
Seaton Munroe, 
Woodbury Loring, 
Clifford Richardson, 



Special Sub- Committee. 



69 



C. Wyckliffe Yulee, 
Henry Adams, 
John J. Chew, 
John Davis, 
Maj. T. B. Ferguson, 
A. B Briggs, 
A. Tyssowski, 
William Lay, 
J. L. Robertson, 
A. Crane, Jr., 
John Ancona, 
Percy Hills, 
John \V. Sims, 
Joseph O. Brawner, 

II. COMMITTEE ON PRESS, 

To make suitable arrangements for the members of the press. 
F. A. Richardson, Chairman, 



Frank S. Parks, 
J. H. Wardle, 
T. C. Crawford, 
Philip F. Larner, 
F. B. Hempstone, 
Norval L. Burchell, 
Richard E. Pairo, 
Harry B. Parker, 
C. J. Butcher, 
William H Beck, 
Samuel C. Wilson, 
Norman Bestor, 
W. H. French, Boston. 



George W. Adams, 

0. O. Stealey, 
C. S. Noyes, 

1. N. Burritt, 
Charles Nordhoff, 
F. A. G. Handy, 
Gen. H. V. Boynton, 
John M. Carson, 
James R. Young, 

C. L. Towle, 

M. D. Helm, 

T. B. Kalbfus, 

H. L. West, 

I). P. Austin, 

C. T. Murray, 

Louis Schade, 

W. L. MacFarland, 

E. G. Dunnell, 



R. H. Sylvester, 
L. Q. Washington, 
Ben. Perley Poore, 
T. C. Crawford, 
Edmund Hudson, 
W. C. MacBride, 
W. B. Shaw, 
H. J. Ramsdell, 
Frank P. Morgan, 
J. V. Cracraft, 
Watson Boyle, 
Harold Snowden, 
A. J. Clarke, 
Dr. F. T. Howe, 
George E. Gilliland, 
P. V. DeGraw, 
T. G. Morrow, 
Daniel Leech, 
J. B. McCarthy. 



12. SPECIAL SUB-COMMITTEE, 

To have supervision of all the other committees under the 
general direction of this body. 

Admiral D. D. Porter, 
Stilson Hutchins, 
Samuel V. Niles, 
Curtis J. Hillyer, 
H. A. Willard, 



Wm. M. Gait, 

Gen. C. M. McKeever, 

Thomas J. Fisher, 

A. A. Wilson, 

Wm. H. Clagett, 

Lawrence Gardner, 

James P. Willett, 



F. B. McCuire, 
Thomas J. Luttrell. 



The Chairman of this body will be ex-officio chairman of 
each of the foregoing twelve sub-committees, and shall have 
power to fill vacancies therein. 

The undersigned recommend the persons whose names are 
hereto annexed as proper persons to compose the several sub- 
committees. Respectfully submitted, 

James F. Berret, Charles C. Glover, M. F. Morris, 
William M. Galt, A. A. Wilson, Committee. 




GEORGE WASHINGTON. 




MRS. CUSTIS. 



72 The Procession. 

When the appointed hour arrives, it is 
supposed that three guns will be fired, to 
apprise the different companies, societies, 
organizations and clubs that it is time to 
form in line, as the procession is to move 
precisely at 10.30 a. m. It will form on 
the Avenue, near 20th street, with its right 
flank resting on South 20th, 19th and 18th 
streets, and will be composed of citizens in 
full dress. The left flank will rest on North 
20th, 19th and 1 8th streets, and consist 
of the United States regulars and light 
infantry companies from different States, 
commanded by General Hancock, aided 
by General George B. McClellan. In the 
front two battalions of cavalry. Then 
grand marshal and aids, followed by a band 
of music. The centre will be made up of 
Chief Justice Waite and Associate Justices, 
in carriage, drawn by four white horses. 
The marine band. President Arthur es- 
corting Grover Cleveland and Thomas 
Hendricks, in his private carriage drawn 
by six horses. National Executive Com- 
mittee in carriages drawn by four horses. 



Oath of Office. 73 

Distinguished guests in carriages. Sena- 
tors, and also Representatives in carriages, 
followed by the distinguished citizens and 
different organizations. 

When the line is ready to march a signal 
will be given, by the firing of cannon. 

The procession, when ready to march, 
will be composed of as fine a lot of men as 
ever marched in line. It is expected that 
there will be not less than five hundred 
companies, clubs and organizations from 
the different cities of the nation. Already 
the headquarters for the different compa- 
nies have been engaged. When the pro- 
cession arrives at the Capitol, Chief Justice 
Waite will escort Cleveland and Hendricks 
into the Senate chamber, when Thomas 
Hendricks will be sworn in as Chairman of 
the Senate. When this is done they will 
then march to the place prepared for the 
Inaugural Address of our next President, 
where Chief Justice Waite will administer 
the oath of office, as follows : — 

" You, Grover Cleveland, President-elect 
of the United States of America, do solemnly 



74 Inaugural Address. 

swear, in presence of Almighty God, that 
you will support the Constitution of the 
United States, and also the Statutes of the 
District of Columbia, and that you will well 
and truly perform your duties as President 
of the United States, to the best of your 
ability. So help you God. 

Mr. Cleveland will then kiss the Bible, 
and he will be President of the United 
States, for all its people. He will then 
deliver his Inaugural Address. When this is 
done they will return to their carriages and 
march back to the White House in the same 
order as in coming, when President Cleve- 
land will review the different companies and 
organizations. They will then disband and 
dinner will be next in the order of the day. 
Afterward the time will be occupied by pre- 
parations for the Reception and Promenade 
Concert in the evening", which will be 
opened as early as nine o'clock, and there 
will be one of the finest displays of beauty, 
health and wealth ever congregated in 
America. 



THE INAUGURATION BALL. 



It is decided that this will be held in the 
area of the new Pension building, which will 
be fitted up for the occasion, and when com- 
pleted, will make a large and convenient 
ball-room. It contains 36,656 square feet, 
and will be elaborately decorated with bunt- 
ing of the United States colors, and draped 
with curtains of rich damask. Each State 
will exhibit its emblem and a shield, with its 
motto. 

It is expected that Grover Cleveland, the 
President, will make his appearance during 
the evening, accompanied by one of New 
York's most accomplished ladies. There is 
some talk of sending a special invitation to 
the Princess of Lome and her husband, the 
Governor General of Ontario. Should 
they accept, the people of Washington will 
enjoy the privilege of seeing a live princess 
in their midst. Ladies will come from every 
State in the Union, and there will be a 
75 



76 Ladies Costumes. 

greater display of beauty and wealth than 
has ever been witnessed on this continent, 
and perhaps, in the world. Let us hope 
that nothing will occur to mar the pleasure 
of any one, no matter how humble, who 
may attend. 

The costumes of the ladies will be a 
noted feature of this occasion. Many, no 
doubt, will appear in walking suits, but 
the majority will wear elaborate and hand- 
some toilets. I have a description of some 
of them from a celebrated establishment 
in Washington, which may prove interest- 
ing and instructive to my lady readers. 

One of them is for a blonde, made ot 
pale blue silk, with white lace for the dra- 
peries and trimmings; red peonies are 
worn on the bodice, and knots of wide 
blue satin ribbon mingle with the lace on 
the train ; pearl ornaments. Another is of 
coral pink ; the front of the skirt made of 
embroidered pink plush, with cascades of 
languedoc on either side ; the train and 
bodice are of pink duchesse satin, the latter 
cut square in the neck and embroidered 



Ladies Costumes. 77 

with plush flowers ; diamond and pearl 
necklace. 

A sapphire blue velvet has a skirt of 
pale blue duchesse satin, trimmed diago- 
nally with point lace, alternated with satin 
pleating. The train and bodice are of 
velvet, with point lace on the latter. 

The skirt of a mauve dress is of pale 
yellow shot silk, trimmed with white gauze 
plaitings. Its upper portion is almost 
entirely veiled with gauze, trimmed with 
point applique lace, and the draperies are 
caught here and there with large clusters 
of tea roses. The train and low bodice are 
of mauve merveilleaux satin, clusters of 
mauve ribbon and tea roses adorning the 
latter. A small bunch of tea roses is worn 
in the hair, and an opal necklace around the 
neck. 

One of the dresses most pleasing to my 
taste is of heliotrope duchesse satin ; the 
skirt is trimmed with alternate flounces of 
point lace and satin ; the front drapery is 
caught up on one side, and ornamented by 
a cascade of lace, interspersed with bows 



78 Ladies Costumes. 

of narrow ribbon, and beside it a cluster of 
pond lilies; the bodice is decollete, with a 
rich fall of lace; the train is of satin, with 
a mass of lilies thrown on one side. 

A rich costume is made of white satin 
and velvet ; the front of the skirt is of white 
satin, with embroidered figures of royal 
purple velvet; the train and pointed bodice 
are of purple velvet, the latter cut low, and 
half filled in with crushed roses of the most 
delicate pink shade ; a necklace of diamonds 
with pendant is worn, and long gloves. 

A very handsome dress, suitable for a 
brunette, is one of black duchesse satin, 
covered with black tulle. The bodice is cut 
pompadour, and adorned with marigolds, a 
cluster of which also holds the tulle drapery 
in place on the skirt. Amber jewels will 
be most appropriate. 

A light-red ribbed-velvet dress would be 
very becoming to one of our Southern ladies. 
The velvet train falls in rich folds, while the 
front of the skirt is crossed by two scarf 
draperies of pink silk gauze. One is looped 
high on the hip, meeting the other, which is 



Ladies Costumes. 79 

caught up high on the left side and held 
very low on the right by a cluster of red 
ostrich tips. The closely-fitting bodice, also 
of velvet, is trimmed with gauze and a 
bouquet of ostrich tips. A bunch of these 
is fastened in the hair, and the jewels worn 
are diamonds. 

I cannot pas^ unnoticed a costume made 
of yellow satin; the skirt and bodice are 
entirely covered with Spanish lace, and the 
scarf drapery is held in place with bunches 
of chrysanthemums. The bodice is simi- 
larly adorned, and amber ornaments will 
be used. 

For a young lady, there is one both novel 
and pretty; the skirt is of white silk, covered 
with white point lace flounces, on which are 
thrown clusters of black ostrich tips with 
aigrette ; the train, bodice and drapery are 
of coral pink brocade, a cluster of black 
feathers holding the latter on the right hip; 
the bodice has a high collar softened by a 
fall of lace. A bunch of black feathers 
adorn the hair, and pearl ornaments are 
worn. 



80 Ladies Costumes. 

There is a charming- costume of white 
silk and gauze, for a debutante. The skirt 
is trimmed with plaiting, headed with a gar- 
land of pale pink flowers. The gauze drap- 
ery is adorned in a similar manner, with 
flowers, as also the bodice, which is gauze, 
striped lengthwise with bands of satin. 
The back drapery of gauze forms a pouf 
at the top, and falls to the end of the train, 
veiling the flowers. A cluster of pink roses, 
with aigrette is worn in the hair. Long 
snede gloves ^and pearl ornaments com- 
plete this dainty toilet. 

Another is of cream-colored satin, with a 
pearl front in the skirt ; the paniers are of 
satin, with a deep border of pearl trimming 
and point lace ; the train and bodice are 
of satin ; the latter decollete, ornamented 
by flowers. These are blush pinks or car- 
nations, and made into a half wreath, worn 
across the front of the bodice, and placed 
between the lace which borders the edge 
and a band of pearl trimming. A very 
small cluster of the pinks or carnations is 
worn a little below the left ear, in the hair, 



Ladies Costumes. 81 

when it is coiled low, and is very becoming 
to young ladies with classical shaped heads. 

Then I find one made of surah silk, a 
new shade, called peachblow. It would be 
suitable for a miss in her teens, and make a 
lovely dress trimmed with Oriental lace; 
the bodice is cut half low and the arms 
bare, each ornamented with a pearl neck- 
lace, twisted like a double bracelet around 
the wrist. 

Perhaps the most interesting portion of 
my list is that of the bridal costumes. One 
of them is made of Marie Louise blue vel- 
vet and cream-colored silk. The back of 
the dress is of the velvet, made princesse 
style. The front of the skirt and bodice 
are one, made of satin ; the former fes- 
tooned with silver tissue, caught here and 
there with knots of arbutus. The bodice is 
cut low and half filled in with the tissue 
fastened by sprays of arbutus. A necklace 
of diamonds and opals is worn. 

Another is of white satin, with cascades 
of point lace down the front, caught up by 
tiny pearl buckles. The bodice is cut square 

F 



82 Ladies Costumes. 

and filled in with lace fastened at the throat 
with a pearl clasp. 

A mauve-colored moire antique has a 
long train draped on the point of the bodice, 
in such a manner as to show facingfs of a 
delicate pink shade. Sprays of apple blos- 
soms are thrown on the skirt, and also 
adorn the bodice, which is cut "V" shaped, 
and filled in with crepe lisse dotted with 
pink. 

Some of the reception toilets display 
such richness of material and perfection ol 
taste, that I cannot pass them by un- 
noticed. 

Among many, there is one worthy of 
special mention. I call it " the pansy cos- 
tume." It is made of deep violet silk, cut 
with a close-fitting bodice ; the skirt is of 
violet satin, brocaded with velvet pansies, 
outlined with threads of gold ; the train is 
of silk, as also the full paniers, which are 
trimmed with pansies, transposed and held 
in place by golden threads. The bodice 
has a high Medici collar, both sides of the 
opening ornamented with a tiny pansy. 



Ladies Costumes. 83 

At the left side, and near the waist, is fast- 
ened a large bunch of velvet pansies with 
o-olden hearts. 

There is a handsome pale blue brocade, 
with a train and bodice of pink plush ; a 
shower of duchesse lace covers the front 
of the skirt, and the bodice is trimmed 
with a fall of the same. 

Then I notice a dress of cameo pink 
cashmere, with pleatings on the skirt, head- 
ed with a double row of swan's down; the 
drapery is also trimmed with this fur ; like- 
wise the bodice, which is cut square in the 
neck. A double necklace of pearls is worn, 
and an opera cloak to match the suit in color 
and trimming, is thrown over the shoulders. 

A pretty toilet is one made of a shade of 
green satin, called "sea foam," having a 
long Watteau back, extending from the 
collar down to the end of the train, in rich 
and graceful folds. The front is trimmed 
with point lace and a scattering of rose- 
buds. The bodice is open, and ornamented 
by a half-garland of fragrant Jacqueminot 
roses. 



84 Ladies Costumes. 

And now remain the walking suits, 
which merit, perhaps, as much attention as 
any of the others. 

Among the favorite combinations, are 
smoke-gray, with garnet velvet ; crimson 
plaid, with black and often new shades of 
silk, with velvet to match. Of the latter, 
is one in gray Ottoman silk; the skirt is 
trimmed with ruchings and plaitings; the 
.tablier is of velvet brocade to match the 
silk, and slashed into panels, with plaiting 
of silk in between ; the back drapery of 
silk is fastened over the point of the bo- 
dice, which is trimmed with a band of bro- 
cade on either side, narrowing to a point 
at the waist. A lace jabot completes the 
costume. 

An elegant suit is of dark blue velvet, 
the polonaise tunic open in front and 
trimmed with feathers, which extend to the 
throat and around the neck, also ornament- 
ing the wrists. 

A very pretty suit is made of heavy 
corded silk ; the skirt hangs in box plaits, 
each ornamented at the bottom with an 



Ladies Costumes. 85 

odd design of passementerie trimming-; 
the drapery has a scarf in front, held higher 
on one side than the other, and very bouf- 
fant at the back. The bodice shows a 
plastron gathered into a half rest, and has 
a high Medici collar; a daisy rosette of 
narrow ribbon, with a centre of a brighter 
color, is placed on the left side of the col- 
lar, and one on the right side of the rest. 

Another quiet but handsome costume is 
of brown velvet; the skirt trimmed, to the 
depth of a foot, in golden beaver fur. The 
jacket is of brown plush, with a short cape of 
the same, trimmed in fur. A fur collar and. 
cuffs complete the suit. 

Cashmere is handsomely combined with 
plaid when it matches one of the colors in 
the changeable fabric; it is also used with 
plain material, and, with skill and ingenuity, 
can be made to look sometimes richer than 
silk, and far preferable. 



86 Costume for Gentlemen. 

HOW TO DRESS FOR THE OCCASION.* 

For full dress, for gentlemen, black 
swallow-tail coat, single breasted ; rolling 
collar; open low, with three buttons. 
Trousers, black; formed to leg". Pearl silk 
tie ; standing collar. Gloves same shade 
of tie. Diamonds or pearl studs in bosom. 

Gentlemen who escort ladies to the Ball 
can accommodate their dress to their ladies' 
costumes. With ladies in street costume, or 
what we term semi-dress, gentlemen can, 
with propriety, wear the Prince Albert coat, 
dark plum, blue, green or black; vest, same 
material; trousers of some dark pin stripe 
or check goods. Gloves cream kids. Tie 
black or cream silk. 

The above styles are laid down by the 
fashionable tailors of New York, Boston, 
Philadelphia and Washington. 

* H. D. Barr, Washington, D. C. 



"OUR SHIP OF STATE." 



i. 

This glorious governmental craft so strong and long 

has stood, 
Her frame must be of iron made, and of the best of 

wood ; 
She has had for her captains many a brave and goodly 

man, 
And as they go before we'll replace them best we 

can. 

II. 

In all her stormy adventures, which captains generally 

dread, 
Kind Providence has so provided that she has come 

out ahead. 
The Republicans have newly rigged her out, and 

she is so neat a boat, 
That with fifty million people, she has no trouble to 

float. 

III. 

But there always are some people that have so much 

to say, 
And how soon they raised their voices — "You're 

steering the wrong way ! ' ' 

87 



88 "Our Ship of State." 

The Democrats began to warble, and on that story 

long did dwell ; 
And others made the assertion, she was not managed 

well ! 

IV. 

And many a scandal there was really being told, 
Of how the Republican leaders were stealing of our 

gold. 
They all harangued, and shouted, "Let's turn the 

rascals out ; " 
And that is, perhaps, the reason the Republican defeat 

came about. 



Consequently, to this craft a new captain will be sent, 
After a long and weary campaign, with time and 

money spent ; 
And when on the 4th of March the captain and his 

mate will come, 
You will hear the firing of the cannon, and the beating 

of the drum. 

VI. 

The Inauguration will be conducted with a very great 

display, 
When Grover Cleveland will be the Hero of the day ! 
Chief Justice Waite will administer to him the oath 
(It never has been customary, so he will not swear 

in both). 



"Our Ship of Stater 89 

VII. 

Then Chester Arthur will deliver the papers in his 

hand, 
When Grover Cleveland, our President, will take 

the ship's command, 
And we hope he'll call around him the best men 

of the State, 
Alive Americans we hope they'll be, for the dead* 

ones we do hate. 

VIII. 

Then, after a thorough search, he will pick there- 
from his crew, 

And gently wave his hand, and say that that will 
do. 

Then he will tell his first mate, Bayard, or some 
other man, 

"Order your men to the halyards, and do as I com- 
mand ; 

IX. 

" The gale may spring upon us, and we cannot tell 

how quick, 
For I notice in yon horizon, the clouds look dark 

and thick." 
He then will to his cabin go, take down the old 

worn chart, 
"I must make no mistake in this voyage," says he, 

"I feel it in my heart." 

* Dead in trespasses and sin. 



90 "Our Ship of State!' 

x. 

Next day the Treasurer of the ship will spread his 

books out wide, 
And say, "My dear Mr. President, it's for you to 

decide 
Whether we've done our duty, as servants to the 

people, 
Or whether we, as brigands, should hang on yonder 

steeple." 

XI. 

Mr. President will then put on his glasses, and ex- 
amine long and well ; 

What the result will be, my reader, will be hard for 
me to tell. 

But I will not allow myself on these men to reflect ; 

I hope, in every instance, their books will be correct ; 

And that there has not been one dollar allowed to 
go astray, 

Neither has there any gold been carried or stole away. 

XII. 
If this view is correct, which I think will be the 

case, 
'Twill surely save much trouble, and the Republicans 

from disgrace ; 
And, when after this search is made, should there 

prove to be no sin, 
The Civil Service Bill should keep its worthy 

servants in. 



"Our Ship of State!' 91 

XIII. 

Now the Chief will light his cigarette, and on the 

deck will walk, 
Consulting with his officers in a long and earnest 

talk. 
He will then take a voyage on the glassy depths of 

time, 
And will bring the ship to harbor, when he hears the 

golden chime ; 
And he will cast her anchor in the Great Jehovah's 

Bay, 
Where our good Lord will watch her, and keep her 

foes away. 

XIV. 

Our old flag will be flying from the mast's highest top ; 
If any one dare touch it, he on the spot will drop ; 
And on our ensign will be written, " We never say 

fail—" 
Our free institutions shall ever prevail. 



HOW A LIFE SHOULD BE SPENT 

TO ATTAIN THE GREATEST AMOUNT OF TRUE 
HAPPINESS, BY A NATION OR INDIVIDUAL. 



That which is worth living for is worth 
preserving; but in a great many cases this 
seems to be entirely forgotten. In how 
many instances do we find that after men 
have attained high positions, they become 
vain, and in their actions thereafter, seem to 
discountenance those who helped them. 
This immediately destroys all the confidence 
of their fellow men, and in less time than it 
took them to obtain their position, do they 
lose it. If our public men wish to avoid 
disappointment, the'y should cherish our 
country and have respect for its subjects. 

The love of country or home is as strong, 
if not stronger than most all other passions 
in the human breast; for in a country favored 
like America, all the beauties of manhood 
are developed in their pure Christian spirit, 
93 



94 True End of Life. 

and by the freedom of its institutions 
man is elevated to a social and Christian 
position. 

The beauties of a true life consist of true 
fellowship with pure motives. No man, 
woman or child can afford to give his or her 
time to the wily ways of the Evil One, in 
trying to enjoy him or herself in a life of 
impure motives. 

In trying to impress these truths on my 
readers, I have endeavored to prove them, 
and to illustrate the subject so clearly that 
there will be no misapprehension. 

If life is worth living, it is best to derive 
from it solid comfort, and such things as 
do not feed cankerous worms of regret, 
which are an annoyance, and which will 
stay with you until the end of time ; throw 
aside all conscience, and perhaps they will 
be silenced until the breakers are heard 
on the other shore. They will then rise up 
in their fury and occupy the place of their 
inhabitation, and the full realization of a 
misspent life will come up before you. 
Every sin, whether of a nation or an indi- 



The Last Reckoning. 95 



& 



vidual, will find him or it out; or, in other 
words, your sins will find you out. 

It is written that, in the Last Day, the 
Books will be opened. My reader, did you 
ever think who was the book-keeper? You 
are this book-keeper, and you cannot destroy 
that book ; it is written with indelible ink, 
and time will not erase it. 

All the men of noted wickedness in high 
positions have felt remorse. Charles IX 
made the remark to his doctor, "O, if I had 
spared the innocent." How many of the 
Crowned Heads would have criven their 
kingdoms for a horse, to flee from the wrath 
that they had heaped upon their own heads. 
But you cannot flee from a conscience of 
regret. It will remain with you always, and 
then will come the full realization of a 
misspent and worthless life. 

The love of life is tenaciously inherent in 
all animate creatures, and, in my judgment 
and observation, the being that is most in- 
nocent seems to have the least trouble, 
even with its foes ; just so with the human 
family or a nation. 



96 Early Training. 

The man or woman who leads the most 
innocent and virtuous life has the least 
difficulty with conflicts of evil thoughts and 
actions. 

The power of love was never intended 
to be cast away for destruction, no more 
than pearls before swine; but, on the con- 
trary, it was meant for those who would ap- 
preciate and reciprocate it. Therefore, in 
the first tuition of the rising- generations, 
the great object should be to teach them to 
love those that have noble principles and 
pure motives. As the mineral crops out in 
the regions of its interior wealth, so good 
or evil motives crop out in the child ; and, 
as children are generally quick of percep- 
tion, they should be taught to shun all 
society that is deceptive, and of low moral 
habits, for when children once form these 
associations, the tendency toward them is 
very detrimental to their future happiness. 

The love that goes to comfort life is that 
which is pure, and that which does not allow 
itself to be trespassed upon. The first 
principles of self-protection and happiness 



Purity of Life. 97 

are: love to do good, a desire for pure 
motives, and contentment of mind, through 
the knowledge of having led a life of true 
charity. 

This is something all wish to claim, and my 
object in this work is twofold: that I may 
benefit the nation, through its subjects. 

It is written, in the Book of all books, that 
the pure in heart shall inherit the Kingdom 
of God. These words must be true, and 
no one dares to deny them, for in man the 
principles of right and wrong are firmly 
rooted ; this also cannot be denied with 
sincerity. 

Then, if these two truths, which agree, 
open the way to happiness and glory, why 
not train your children to adopt them? 

There are a great many seeds of diseases 
that try to find root in the human family, 
but I do not discover in any of them a 
worse foe than remorse, for in different 
afflictions there is a time of rest; but regret 
never ceases, for it has its victims sure, 
and the more evil seed the more the victim 
suffers. Then, why not begin at the proper 
G 



98 Benevolence. 

time, and let children know the evils for them 
to shun, and teach them that true happiness 
consists in self-preservation, and the love to 
do good to those who are worthy of their 
confidence and charity. 

Some men live in this world for self en- 
tirely, as if it was made for them exclusively, 
going through it without principle or honor, 
only seeking those they can use for their 
own aggrandizement and selfish purposes. 

But such people are not happy, and 
utterly devoid of Christian love. 

Love has a truer motive ; it gives content- 
ment of mind, and endows those who cul- 
tivate it with the knowledge of true happi- 
ness. The fruit of well doing is expanded 
by constant practice^ It is a virtue that 
sheds rays of light and happiness around 
all circles and associations. Let a nation 
or neighborhood consist of those who have 
no love for its subjects, and I will show you 
a nation which has a constant amount of 
strife, trouble, war and crime. However, it 
is not necessary to mention any, for they 
are too well known to be unobserved. 



Learn How to Live. 99 

The crowned heads of Europe have not 
shown much love for their subjects, but, on 
the contrary, have used many good methods 
to govern them for their own safety and 
comfort. War generally follows aristocracy, 
anarchy and tyranny. 

Happiness and comfort follow love, 
respectability, industry and progress. 

In the beginning of manhood or woman- 
hood, the great object in view should be to 
learn how to live, and to be of the most 
use, to yourself, friend, fellow man and 
country. 

Many people do not consider the future, 
its hopes, fears, and the consequence of 
its gains and losses, but, without a mo- 
ment of necessary reflection, dive into its 
wondrous depths ; consequently the results 
are often different from those they first 
expected. In the first instance, fathom 
your place of plunging before you take 
the leap; also see that there is no rock or 
quagmire to wreck your future prospects. 

It is short work to take these precau- 
tions; nevertheless, how often are they 



100 Want of Forethought. 

neglected. For an illustration : I once saw 
a gentleman who was, from all appearances, 
an intellectual man, and worth not less 
than a half a million of dollars; his wife, 
in her own right, had a million, and they 
were visiting the seaside with two or three 
children. They got ready for a bath, and 
all seemed delighted with the prospect; 
but how soon their expectations vanished! 
The father, immediately on going into the 
water, waded to a boat that was tied near, 
and entered it, where the water was not 
waist deep, and he plunged head foremost 
into the shallow water. The consequence 
was that, his head coming in contact with 
the hard sand and pebbles, he was severely 
injured. All the pleasure which they had 
just begun to enjoy was turned into sor- 
row, and, if I am not mistaken, he carries 
the mark of that accident to this day. 
One forethought and all might have been 
averted. 

Just so in the daily walks of life ; we 
should first ask if it is prudent, and if we 
answer ourselves truthfully, we may, nine 



Culpable Carelessness. 101 

times out of ten, avoid many difficulties. 
How many accidents occur simply by want 
of thought, and not keeping ourselves on 
our guard. Take, for instance, the acci- 
dents that happen by the cars running over 
people at the crossings ; a great many 
would not occur if they would take one 
moment to reflect. Men seem like geese 
in their actions. How many times, in my 
travels through life, have I seen these web- 
footed birds on the highway, and on the 
approach of a wagon, most invariably 
would you see one or more of the flock 
cross the track ; in thousands of instances, 
if they succeeded in so doing, they would 
immediately stop and flap their wings ; 
but a great many of these do not succeed 
in the perilous attempt. Just so with men. 
How often have I seen, when the cars are 
coming, young and old want to cross the 
track, and as soon as they have done so, at 
once stop, turn and look at the monstrous 
train that would have crushed out their 
life in an instant, had they only made one 
misstep. In ninety-nine times out of one 



102 Look Before You Leap. 

hundred of such instances, have I seen the 
railroad managers blamed, while, in fact, it 
is the fault of those who are foolhardy 
enough to risk their limbs and life so care- 
lessly. There is always plenty of time to 
let the train pass, although so few remem- 
ber this. 

If you, my readers, will search, you will 
find enough in this subject for a guide to 
health, wealth and happiness. 

There is such a thing as losing your 
chance of success by too much reflection, 
for while you contemplate and meditate, 
your opportunity sometimes vanishes. 

But every man, as I have said before, 
has that principle of right and wrong so 
indelibly imprinted on his mind, that it does 
not require but a moment to understand 
his situation. 

Then take this for your motto, my dear 
reader: "Look, before you leap;" which is 
old, but sure; and when the placid waters 
of the future are reached, and you want to 
cross them safely, before you do so, have 
immediate thought of your life and happi- 



Appearances Deceptive. 103 

ness when you enter the frail boat to cross. 
The wind may rise, the tide may be 
strong, and your captain may be a gay de- 
ceiver, who only wishes to get where he can 
carry you to destruction for his own ad- 
vantage. 

There is a very good road that leads to 
the wharf of safety, and it is called "through 
by daylight." Whatever road you take to 
happiness, be sure of this: that you are not 
afraid to let the world know you are on the 
Public Highway, and not in the dark lanes 
and alleys. Be sure to shun those who 
flatter you ; and also beware, when you 
come in contact with a person, ever so good 
looking or well dressed, who desires to 
take you out of the highway into the valley 
beneath; you may rest assured that he 
wishes to advance some idea or action that 
he does not wish the world or your friends 
to know. What is done by respectable and 
law-abiding citizens, is done openly, and 
with no fear of reproach or scrutiny. If it 
is a business transaction, you will find them 
ready for criticism. 



104 Pride a Necessity. 

There are thousands of ways in this 
world to enjoy life, and these all honorable 
ones. There are also a thousand and one 
otherways that lead to discord, unhappiness, 
crime, poverty, destruction and death. So, 
my dear readers, shun every thought, deed 
or action that will take you from the one 
great thought of happiness. 

Pride is sometimes spoken of in a light 
way, such as, "pride must have a fall;" but 
I would not, for a moment, say one word 
against it. It is a word in its proper place, 
and a passion that our God has bestowed 
upon us, as a great and good guide to 
happiness, for without it what would be the 
history of this nation and its people? The 
son or daughter who have no pride and 
self-respect, will, sooner or later, be ex- 
tremely mortified to find that they have 
attained maturity devoid of so important a 
characteristic. 

Vanity belongs to those that have time 
to take charge of it; but pride is just the 
thing to make a boy and girl grow up to 
be a man or woman of use and benefit to 



Pride Elevates the Mind. 105 

their country and fellow-neighbors. The 
boy that has pride will shun his inferiors; 
and the girl that has pride will some time 
make a lady of refinement and culture, a 
good sister, a loving wife, and a fond 
mother. 

There is nothing worse than vanity, for 
it puffs itself up, and, of course, there must 
be an end to inflation. Necessarily, an 
explosion occurs. Vanity is never too high 
to stoop to do any low or mean thing to 
accomplish its object. Not so with pride ; 
it elevates the mind; keeps the body clean 
and tidy; and, as a general thing, uses 
economy. It also provides a way for the 
cultivation of its children, and finds help to 
educate the nation ; lifts up the fallen, and 
supplies the wants of the poor. A man 
will not allow himself to be dejected, for 
that very reason : pride will fly to the rescue, 
and make an appeal that he cannot resist; 
nature springs forth to action at once; the 
situation is comprehended, and the remedy 
immediately applied, in every case a true 
one, for self-respect and pride will at once 



106 Bad Company is Ruinous. 

exert themselves, and the two combined 
will bring the victory. 

Then cultivate this virtue, and let every 
statesman or schoolboy learn to know that 
if he is ever to be a gentleman he must, 
necessarily, have pride to assist him in his 
purpose. 

No man holding a general responsibility 
can afford to be caught in the slums of 
darkness, either by himself or others ; for 
if he himself knows it, he will, in some 
future time upbraid himself for it. 

Bad company is not a good thing to 
keep, for as the worm of regret turns 
itself over in a man's brain, it very often 
disturbs its keeper, and every man holding 
a high position will be brought to account 
for his stewardship, according to his re- 
sponsibility. 

Thousands of watchers are constantly on 
the alert to catch and ape the actions of our 
public men. Then let them beware what 
examples they set to the rising generation 
and world at large, which only wait for an 
example, and whether it be good or bad, it 



"Get Thee Behind Me, Satan r 107 

goes out to the world as it is sent, only to 
be tenfold in its manifestations. 

Therefore, I would say, so that I may not 
be misunderstood, do not cultivate vice nor 
touch anything that will pollute your inno- 
cent hands; nor must you allow those that 
would have a tendency to draw you away 
from virtue to influence you, nor even to 
touch the hem of your garment; if you do 
so, they will corrupt you, financially or 
morally. The words used on the Mount, 
"Get thee behind me, Satan," should ever 
be your watchword. 

I have attended a great many different 
exhibitions of fine arts, sculpture, delicate 
mechanisms, and beautiful handwork in 
laces of great value, and in passing I have 
remarked two large words standing- for the 
protection of them: "Hands off!" How 
effectually these words could be applied to 
a great many in the daily walks of life. 

My dear reader, have you never thought 
that you are of more value to your parents 
than the finest work of art ? If this be so 
in respect to those who have watched over 



108 Do not Procrastinate. 

you, and with joy have seen your first foot- 
steps, do display these words in every 
action of your life, by a firm lip and a de- 
termined eye. 

There is only one way to get rid of re- 
morse, and that is by going to Jesus ; through 
Him and Him alone can your conscience 
be freed from the worm of regret ; and the 
time to go to Him is the present. 

Do not listen to that voice of procrasti- 
nation. It will carry you too far, as it is a 
friend to remorse, and you will ever suffer 
the pangs of regret, and only awake to a 
full sense of your condition when it is too 
late. There is no remedy when the other 
shore is reached. Your chance is lost 
forever ; weeping will avail naught. Only 
to be happy in the love of Jesus will save 
you. 

Christianity does not make your pleas- 
ures less, but gives you such as do not feed 
the worm, that never dieth. Now is the 
time to prepare to live, and when you are 
ready to live a pure life before your God 
and fellow man, then can you rejoice, for 



Gift of Everlasting Life. 109 

you have a sound foundation on which to 
rejoice. 

Then do not prepare to die. There is no 
such thing as death, but life everlasting, or 
eternal remorse; which is worse than death, 
as its torments never cease. 

Then go to Him who suffered and bled 
for you, that you might through Him receive 
the gift of everlasting life, which through 
folly and sin you had lost. To-day He 
waits with outstretched arms to receive 
you, but to-morrow the clouds may rise 
and your opportunity be lost; forever lost ! 

" Of all the words of tongue or pen, 
The saddest ones, it might have been." 



FINANCIAL CONDITION OF 
OUR COUNTRY. 



This country was never in a better 
financial condition than at the present. 
There are lar^e amounts of silver and crold 
in the Treasury. The grand total of gold 
and silver held by the Treasury, national 
and private banks on the first day of 
November, is shown by the following 
table, as reported by the Comptroller of 
the currency: 

Gold coin and bullion $585,611,872 

Silver coin 275,735,439 

Legal-tender notes 346,681,016 

National Bank notes 333>559j8i3 

There has been no change in the aggregate 
of legal-tender notes outstanding, which still 
remains as fixed by the Act of May 31st, 
1878. National Bank notes have decreased 
$18,453,974 during the year. The amounts 
111 



112 Currency Circulation. 

of goldand silver have increased $3,641,618, 
and $33,033,507, respectively, making the 
total increase during die year in gold, silver 
and currency, $18,221,151. 

The table annexed gives the portion of the 
gold, silver and currency held by the United 
States Treasury, and by the national and 
State banks. The amounts in the United 
States Treasury are for the corresponding 
dates with those in the preceding table. 
The amounts in the national banks are for 
the corresponding dates nearest thereto on 
which returns were made to the Comptroller, 
viz: January 1, 1879; October 1, 1881 ; 
October 3, 1882; October 2, 1883; and 
September 30, 18S4. The amounts in the 
State banks, trust companies and savings 
banks have been compiled from official re- 
ports for the nearest obtainable dates. 



Currency Circulation. 



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114 



Currency Circulation. 



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Currency Circulation. 115 

The gold in the Treasury, including 
bullion in the process of coinage, has de- 
creased during the year $22,682,970, and in 
the banks has increased $27,288,807. The 
paper currency in the Treasury has de- 
creased $4,737,390, and in the banks has 
increased $16,671,605. The decrease of 
gold outside of the Treasury and the banks 
has been $964,219, and of silver coin 
$5,954,136, and the decrease of paper 
currency, exclusive of silver certificates, 
$30,388,289. In the foregoing tables the 
silver certificates issued by the Treasury 
have not been included, but the standard 
silver dollars held for the redemption on 
presentation form a portion of the silver 
coin in the Treasury. The silver certificates 
in the hands of the people and the banks 
at the following dates, were as follows : — 

January 1, 1S79 $413,360 

November 1, 1880 19,780,240 

November 1, 1881 58,838,770 

November 1, 1882 65,620,450 

November 1, 1883 85,334,381 

November 1, 1884 100,741,562 



116 Currency Circulation. 

It will be seen that the amount of these 
certificates in circulation has increased 
$15,407,180 during the year 1884. 

The eold certificates issued under Section 
12 of the Act of July 12, 1882, outstanding 
in the hands of the people and banks on 
November 1, 1882, November 1, 1883, and 
November 1, 1884, not including the 
amount in the Treasury, were $6,962,280, 
$48,869,040, and $85,301,190, respectively. 

As before stated, the total amount of 
standard silver dollars coined up to No- 
vember 1, 1884, was $184,730,829, of which, 
as shown in one of the foregoing tables, 
$142,926,726 was then in the Treasury, 
although an amount equal to $100,741,561 
was represented by certificates in the hands 
of the people and the banks, leaving 
42,185,165 then held by the Treasury. Of 
the $184,730,829 coined, $41,804,103 was, 
therefore, evidently outside of the Treasury, 
and $100,741,561 of the amount in the 
Treasury was represented by certificates in 
circulation. The remainder of the silver, 
$91,004,610, consisted of subsidiary coin, 



Currency Circulation. 117 

trade dollars, and bullion purchased for 
coinage, of which $33,993,284 was in die 
Treasury, and about $57,01 1,326 was in use 
with the people and the banks, consisting 
principally of subsidiary coin, in the place 
of the paper fractional currency for which 
it was substituted. 

The increase of ^old and silver coin and 
paper currency, exclusive of silver certifi- 
cates, outside of the Treasury and the 
banks, since the date of resumption, is thus 
estimated to have been $263,956,936, and 
the decrease during the year ending No- 
vember 1, 1883, $6,306,372. To these 
sums the amounts of silver certificates in 
the hands of the people may be added. 
On November 1, 1883, the amount of these 
certificates held by the people and the banks 
was, as has been seen, $100,741,561 ; but 
the proportion of this amount in the hands 
of the people cannot be exactly determined. 



THE CITY OF WASHINGTON. 



Is situated at the head of the navigable 
waters of the Potomac River, as beautiful 
a sheet of water as ever drained a valley, 
and in a line nearly south of the Executive 
Mansion. It takes a broad sweep to the 
left when looking northward from the Ar- 
senal, where it divides and forms what is 
known as the Eastern Branch; this turns to 
the right, and forms a channel to the Navy 
Yard, thence northward into the northern 
part of Maryland, while the river proper 
turns to the left and passes West Wash- 
ington and Georgetown to the Great Falls. 
The water is generally clear above the 
Falls, and furnishes the Washingtonians 
plenty of excellent drinking water. When 
the improved waterworks are completed, 
the people of Washington will realize its 
benefits for centuries to come. 

Washington is mostly on high ground, 
and the health of the city is excellent. It 
119 



120 Washington Society. 

has been said there is some malaria, but 
that may be affirmed of almost any locality. 
When the great improvements are com- 
pleted on the flats, this will be obviated. 
The climate surpasses that of most other 
cities, for it is almost free from severe gales, 
and the mercury does not change so rapidly 
as at other places. The salt atmosphere 
coming from the Chesapeake Bay, across 
the western neck of Maryland, is purified 
by passing through the forests before it 
reaches the District of Columbia. 

The private residences are some of the 
finest in the world; and many have built 
what are termed winter residences. In a 
short time Washington will be known as 
a winter resort for the best society in the 
country, as it has the different representa- 
tives of every nation, and its own repre- 
sentatives from every congressional district. 
It is a city composed of persons who, in the 
course of events, or for want of employment, 
have come here and settled. There are 
at least 10,500 Government employees in 
the District of Columbia, a great number 



Lady Incumbents. 121 

of whom are experts in their business, 
strictly honest, to my personal knowledge; 
and in the many years that they have been 
employed, have laid up sufficient funds to 
buy themselves homes. There are also 
those who have not taken the precaution to 
save for "a wet day," but have spent their 
salary as soon as earned. A great number 
of ladies are employed, who would, in the 
event of removal, be turned out of house 
and home. I heard a very strong Demo- 
cratic lady, who has no personal interest in 
the departments, a resident of the City of 
Alexandria, Va., make the remark, that 
she prayed God they might be spared, if 
possible, from removal. They should have 
the sympathy of every American citizen, for 
they are highly educated, refined and re- 
spectable, and move in the best circles of 
society. 

The business of the city is conducted as 
in all other large cities : it has some manu- 
facturing interests, but is not what is termed 
a manufacturing city. 

Its inhabitants are composed mostly of 



122 Paris of America. 

business men, who are engaged in the 
mercantile and commission business, and 
many live here who have business in all 
parts of the United States. 

All kinds of stock are sold on exchange 
here, as in New York ; mining stock in 
silver, gold, iron, lead, copper, coal and 
isinglass, railroad stock and grain exchange. 
Insurance companies, both for fire and life, 
have main and branch offices in Washing- 
ton. 

The increase of its population stimulates 
building, and houses of different modern 
styles are extensively built and readily sold 
or rented. A large amount of real estate 
has changed hands at advanced prices, and 
property is eagerly bought, if in a good 
locality. 

The City of Washington will, in a short 
time, stand out like some great master-piece 
of art. It has been called the " Paris of 
America." Be that as it may, to-day it is a 
cleaner, more respectable and beautiful 
city, and is preferable to Paris with its 
grandeur and vices. 



Public Parks. 123 

Its streets are the finest in the world, 
being perfectly smooth and clean. They 
are swept by machines, both day and night. 
The Avenue, which is the great thorough- 
fare of the city, can only be cleaned at night. 

The public grounds and parks of this city 
are among its most attractive features. 
They are carefully kept ; the trees are 
always in perfect trim, the grass free from 
every twig or leaf that the restless wind 
might scatter upon its green, velvety sur- 
face. In these parks will be seen the 
statues of our noted heroes, of land and 
water, who have immortalized their names 
in immortalizing their country. 

Its churches are among the finest in the 
nation. Here all denominations are repre- 
sented, and a very good example of Chris- 
tian spirit is manifested, as there does not 
appear to be any strife between the differ- 
ent churches or sects, as occurs so often 
in other cities, and a great detriment to the 
cause of Christianity. 

The colored population of Washington 
is improving very fast in its habits and ap- 



124 Colored Population. 

pearance. The greater part of them dress 
very respectably, and are a church-going 
people. They have numerous churches of 
modern style and accommodations, and are 
advancing fast in education and refinement. 
A great number of them are polite, obliging 
and respectable, and if encouraged, will 
soon make good citizens ; the best way to 
do this is to set them good examples, and 
teach them to understand that if they ever 
wish to be respected, they must first learn 
to respect themselves, and act accordingly, 
lean assure the colored people of America 
that in the next administration their rights 
will be acknowledged, the same as in the 
past, for in the President-elect they will find 
a man who is expected to, and who will 
protect his subjects, regardless of party, 
creed or color, provided they will first 
respect themselves. 



THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS OF 
WASHINGTON. 



The Executive Mansion, more popularly 
known as the White House, stands one mile 
west of the Capitol. It faces to the north, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and with its grounds 
occupying" the whole block between Six- 
teenth and Seventeenth streets. 

It is built of sandstone, painted white, 
hence the name, "White House." This 
building is of fine architecture, considering 
the time in which it was built. 

It contains thirty-four rooms, all of which 
are very elaborately furnished. The upper 
story is occupied by the family, while the 
ground floor is devoted to reception rooms. 
The conservatory attached contains plants 
of many rare species, whose fragrant odors 
perfume these spacious halls. 

The grounds of this mansion are very 
extensive, and are ornamented with fine 
shade trees and shubbery ; the lawns are 
127 



128 The Capitol. 

beautifully kept, and comprise about seven- 
ty-five acres. 

The Capitol. This building has no equal. 
It is built of white marble, and combines util- 
ity, beauty and strength. There is no other 
building on the continent so stately, majestic 
and awe-inspiring. It alone will richly repay 
any pleasure seeker for a careful exami- 
nation and study, as the different designs, 
sculpture and pictures are among the finest 
in the world. It stands on a hill, called 
" Capitol Hill," covering nearly four acres 
of ground, and overlooks the greater part 
of the city. 

Its grounds will compare with any in 
Europe, the walks and drives being kept 
perfectly clean and neat. 

This magnificent building is mostly con- 
structed of white marble ; its length is 
750 feet, its greatest width, 325 feet ; its 
height to the top of the dome, 229 feet. 

The dome is of iron and surmounted by 
a bronze statue of the Goddess of Liberty, 
which was placed in position December 3, 
1863 ; her height is nineteen feet and 



The United States Treasury. 129 

weight 14,880 pounds (rather tall and 
heavy for a miss in her teens). 

The two largest chambers in the Capitol 
are situated — the one, the House of Repre- 
sentatives, in the south, the other, the 
Senate Chamber, in the north. 

Congress begins its yearly session in 
these at twelve o'clock on the first Monday 
in December; and during: the hours that it 
is in session, the American colors float in 
the breeze over each chamber. The present 
cost of the building, inclusive of grounds, 
is about $17,000,000, and its value to the 
nation is double that amount. 

The War, State and Navy Departments 
are situated on the south side of Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, between Seventeenth and 
Eighteenth streets. This magnificent build- 
ing has not yet been completed, but when 
completed will rank among the finest in the 
world. It has all the improvements which 
money, time and ingenuity could suggest, 
and is perfect in its architecture. It con- 
tains 327 rooms, exclusive of the halls. 

The United States Treasury. This 
1 



130 The Patent Office. 

building is situated one mile to the west of 
the Capitol, on Fifteenth Street and Penn- 
sylvania Avenue. It is a very massive 
structure, and covers nearly two acres. It 
is a piece of great architectural grandeur, 
substantially built, and will last until the 
end of time. Its vaults are filled with gold 
and silver. It is six stories high, its length 
509 feet, and contains 400 rooms. 

The building is not very well ventilated, 
and the employees have a tendency to look 
delicate, as the confinement is very great ; 
but when vacation is allowed them they im- 
prove quickly, and in thirty days, which is 
the extent of their vacation, they return 
very much benefited. 

The Patent office is situated directly north 
of the Post Office. This building occupies 
two squares between F and G, and Seventh 
and Ninth streets, N. W. It is built of white 
marble, fronting on F street, but has 
entrances on G, Seventh and Ninth streets. 
It is three stories high, and contains 205 
rooms, exclusive of halls and galleries, 
where models of patents are exhibited. It 



Pension Office. 131 

was partly destroyed by fire in 1876, but is 
now restored and in much better condition 
than ever befere. This department is self- 
sustaining, and has upward of $2,000,000 
at its credit in the Treasury. 

There are a large number of employees 
in this Department who are engaged in 
examining patents, which are on the in- 
crease, and in some branches the examiners 
are months behind time, and unless the force 
is increased they will be unable to complete 
the work, which is accumulating daily. 

The Post Office Department, which is 
situated between E and F, and Seventh and 
Eighth streets, N. W., occupying the entire 
square, is built of white marble, and is very 
massive. It is three stories high, and con- 
tains 255 rooms exclusive of halls. It has 
a branch on the west side of Eighth street, 
connected to the Post Office proper by a 
bridge over the street. This branch of the 
Department is built of brick. 

Pension Office. This building, which is 
in course of construction, is situated in Ju- 
diciary Square, and is mostly built of brick, 
beautifully designed. The ceilings are all 



132 Smithsonian Institute. 

arch-work and fire-proof. It will be com- 
pleted in the early part of 1885, an ^ when 
finished, it will contain 90 rooms, exclusive 
of halls. 

It is a master-piece of art, and the venti- 
lation is supposed to be perfect. It will 
take many millions of bricks to complete this 
structure. Congress made an appropria- 
tion for its erection. 

The National Museum. This fine struc- 
ture stands on the Smithsonian grounds, 
just east of Smithsonian Institute, and 
covers upwards of two acres. 

It is a new building; was only completed 
in 1882. It is constructed of brick, and 
cost about $25 1,000 ; its dome is ninety-two 
feet above the surface of the ground. It 
contains many curiosities from different 
nations. 

Adjacent to this building is the Smithsonian 
Institute, filled with anthropological curi- 
osities, and mineralogical and zoological col- 
lections, nearly all of which were bequeathed 
to the people of the United States by an 
English gentleman, by the name of James 
Smithson, for the benefit of science. 



WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 



This great work of art in masonry is one 
of the highest in the world, its height be- 
ing 555 feet, and the smallest stone in it 
weighs more than two tons. It was com- 
menced in the year 1842, and after it had 
attained the height of 215 feet the work 
was stopped, on account of the lack of funds, 
which were raised by contribution, but later 
on Congress appropriated sufficient funds to 
complete it. 

After a careful examination, it was de- 
cided that the old foundation was insuffi- 
cient to support the structure. 

It was, therefore, decided to put in a new 
one, which was done by running drifts 
underneath the monument, filled with con- 
crete, made of the best cement, broken 
stone and gravel. 

This was so carefully done that at no 
time was the obelisk more than one-fourth 
of an inch out of plumb. And now, at 
133 



134 Height and Weight. 

the height of 555 feet, it is not one-eighth of 
an inch out of a perpendicular line. 

It is capped with a pyramid of aluminium, 
nine inches high and five inches square at 
its base, which serves as a lightning - conduc- 
tor and is connected by a rod through the 
top stone with a well below the foundation. 
This is said to form one of the most com- 
plete arrangements known for the conduc- 
tion of electricity. 

The monument stands on public grounds, 
nearly south of the Executive Mansion, and 
in a direct line with the Potomac river, and 
looking from a point two miles down the 
river it appears in its full beauty. 

The report of the Monument Commis- 
sion shows that the weight of the monu- 
ment is 81,120 tons, and that it has cost 
$1,187,710, of which Congress appro- 
priated $887,710. Relative to the com- 
pletion of the monument, the engineer in 
charge of the work submits a report with 
that of the Commission. He says: — 

"Two methods of treating the terrace at 
the foot of the shaft have been suggested — 
one proposing to erect a retaining wall, of 



The Terrace. 135 

the most beautiful marble, around the 
terrace, which wall is to be surmounted 
with a marble balustrade. At the centre 
of each face is to be a set of broad, double 
stairs, extending from the general level of 
the esplanade, which is to be paved in 
marble tiles of approved patterns. The 
other method of finish proposed is to fill 
earth about the present terrace, and to ex- 
tend this filling so far from the monument 
as to blend the slopes of the embankment 
gradually into the surrounding surfaces ; 
and this is to be done with so much skill as 
to give to the mound an appearance as far 
from artificial as possible. This mound is 
then to be planted with trees and shrubs, 
and paths to be laid out. A pavement is 
to be put around the foot of the monument, 
extending far enough to prevent the storm- 
waters from washing out the filling." 

If the marble wall is decided upon, an 
appropriation of $612,300 is asked, to 
complete the entire work. If the second 
proposition is adopted but $166,800 is de- 
sired. The joint Commission favor the 
latter method. 



OUR COUNTRY. 



The Northwestern States may boast of grain, 
The Southern ones of wood and cane, 
The Pacific slope of grapes and gold, 
The Easterti ones of bitter cold. 

Wisconsin of its lead and copper, 
Minnesota of its large grain hopper, 
Vermont of its mountains of evergreens, 
Ohio and Illinois of their oats, pork and beans. 

Virginia, Pennsylvania, of their iron, oil and lime, 
Alabama, Florida, of oranges and sunny Winter 

clime, 
Idaho and Nevado of their silver ores, 
Kentucky of its horses and hospitable doors. 

New York, Connecticut, the richest of the common- 
wealth, 

Of their free institutions, and lasses of beauty and 
health ; 

They are more to them than iron, coal or grain, 

With their cunning hand and cultured brain. 

" For well they keep their ancient stock, 
The stubborn strength of the Plymouth Rock ; " 
Far better to them than copper or lead, 
Are their fine young men with a level head. 

137 



138 Our Country. 

"Nor heed they the bigot or skeptic hands, 
While near the school the church spire stands;" 
Nor fear they the old fogy rule, 
While near the spire stands the school. 

But suppose that bigots' and skeptics' tools 
Should get control of our public schools — 
The grass would grow where the college stands, 
And our youths would be bound with iron bands ; 
And our advanced institutions, which stand out so 

free 
In the language of Burns, will have " gang aglee." 

Then let America's free sons all watch and beware, 
Either Democrat or Republican, I do not care, 
They both are interested in the welfare of state, — 
If such foes should rise we must seal their fate. 

So let men of foreign and skeptic principles know 
That they must not come to the States to grow ; 
We will drive them back at the point of steel, 
And let them our just indignation feel. 

Then stand by the altars of your sires, 

And maintain your rights and pure desires, 

And while you watch around your little family band, 

Remember God and your native land ! 



THE POTOMAC RIVER. 



This beautiful sheet of water forms a di- 
viding line between Virginia and Maryland, 
and it is one hundred miles in length from 
the Great Falls to Chesapeake Bay. It is 
noted for its great fisheries and game ; 
thousands of ducks, geese and swan are 
constantly on its bosom, from the first of 
November until the latter part of March, 
when they take their flight northward. It 
very seldom freezes at its mouth, but in the 
upper waters, where it is fresh, ice some- 
times forms to such an extent as to impede 
navigation. 

There are many steamers plying between 
Norfolk, Philadelphia, New York and Balti- 
more; also a great many vessels, a large 
number of which are engaged in the oyster 
trade. 

The farms along the river are generally 
well located ; there are some bluffs along its 
shores, but mostly table land ; its soil is in- 
139 



140 Home and Tomb of Washington. 

clined to be light, and is largely cultivated; 
corn, wheat and tobacco are raised. The 
land is cheap, and there are a number of 
farms for sale which would make nice homes 
near to Washington, where their products 
would find a good market. 

Alexandria is the only town on its banks 
below Washington, with a water front 
sufficiently deep for the largest vessels to 
land. It has not grown much since the 
war, but in the last few years new enterprises 
have sprung up that promise to help it 
greatly. Its population is about 18,000. 
It is a good grain market, and supports a 
large number of commission men. It also 
has numerous stores of all kinds. Its in- 
habitants are of the first people of the 
commonwealth of Virginia. 

THE HOME AND TOMB OF WASHINGTON. 

Mount Vernon is seventeen miles down 
the river, and is situated directly on its bank, 
commanding a beautiful view to the east. 
The grounds and building are kept in good 
condition by a " Board of Regents." 



Summer Resorts. 141 

Everything is done for the comfort of its 
visitors. The steamer Corcoran runs there 
daily, making the trip in two hours, and at 
the low rate of one dollar for the round 
trip. Captain Blake, a very popular man, 
sees to the comfort of his passengers, and 
visitors always return very much pleased. 
The steamer starts from Seventh Street 
wharf, at 9 a. m., returning at 3 p. m., thus 
allowing two hours at the tomb of Wash- 
ington. One can always enjoy a very pleas- 
ant time on this trip. 

SUMMER RESORTS. 

The only accessible resort Washington 
has is a new place called "Colonial Beach," 
a beautiful shore on the Potomac, sixty 
miles from Washington. The river is very 
wide here and forms a bay, which is twelve 
miles one way and eight the other. The 
shore is perfect and lovely ; three-fourths 
of the year one can spend there as a sum- 
mer resort, enjoying the luxuries of salt 
water, in game, fish, oysters, crabs, and also 
delicious berries, which grow wild in all the 



142 Summer Resorts. 

fields ; dew, black, huckle and straw- 
berries too, when cultivated, grow luxuri- 
antly. The bathing cannot be surpassed, 
and from the first of June until October the 
water is sufficiently warm. It is noted for its 
springs, which supply good drinking water. 
There is one thing very peculiar, that is, 
those that go there are always benefited, 
they get an appetite at once, and the salt air 
also seems to help their digestive organs. 
There is a very nice hotel, newly built, 
which, after this season, is intended to be 
kept open the entire year. 

It has been surveyed in lots, and upwards 
of five hundred have been sold. They are 
50 x 150 feet, and quite a number of their 
owners have built very comfortable cottages 
on them. The place has the appearance of 
a rising western town ; all this has been 
done within the last two years, and it prom- 
ises to become a popular resort for Wash- 
ington and its surrounding country. 

There are no mosquitoes to bother the 
weary, and it is perfectly healthy. All will 
find it a delightful place to spend their sum- 



River Steamboats. 143 

mer vacation, in a profitable and enjoyable 
manner. 

The steamers Arrowsmith, J.W.Thomp- 
son and Mattane, which ply down the river, 
stop there, and the fare is very cheap, less 
than one cent per mile. These boats leave 
every day, at 7 a. m., from Seventh Street 
wharf, and reach the beach at 1 r. m. ; re- 
turning- next day, leaving the beach at 8 a. 
m. and arriving at Washington about 3 
p. M. 

Next season there will be a boat to make 
special round trips daily, to the beach, to 
accommodate its patrons. 

There will also be another, which is now 
being built by the Washington Steamboat 
Company Limited, which will ply on the 
Potomac, and which will be a model of 
beauty, swiftness and comfort. 

A trip down this river is ever enjoyable, 
as the Potomac is one of the prettiest of 
rivers, and the scenery along its banks of 
evergreens is picturesque in the extreme. 



GROWING EVILS OF OUR 
COUNTRY. 



A habit of the greater part of our young 
men is seemingly destined to bring them 
into trouble, as it seems, a singular idea 
has come into their heads that every young 
man must carry in his hip-pocket a revol- 
ver, and on the least pretext the hip-pocket 
is resorted to at once. Unless something 
is done to stop such cowardice there is no 
telling when a man's life is in safety. 

There is in almost every daily paper an 
account of the accidental shooting of some 
person by the careless handling of a pistol. 
That there should be some rigid law by 
which such persons should be punished, is 
manifest. 

The colored population is fast falling into 
the same habit, of not only carrying, but 
using them with impunity. 

This using- of firearms in large cities 
should be stopped at once, and if Congress 
J 145 



146 Evils of War. 

does not pass a strict law, that will be en- 
forced with effect, no one knows what the 
consequences may be. Suicide and murder 
are on the increase since this habit began, 
and if continued the crimes will be mani- 
fold. 

When this nuisance is stopped it will 
make a great difference to all good citizens ; 
the sooner it falls the better. Every city is 
interested in this evil, but in this District, 
Congress must provide for its speedy cure. 

If national and citizen life is to be enjoyed 
by a nation and its people, it is necessary 
for both to endeavor to assist one another 
to obtain the greatest benefits therefrom, 
and to accomplish this, the great object of 
a nation should be to protect itself from 
wars, and from whatever goes to demoralize 
its people. 

War always means destruction of body 
and property, and demoralization in many 
instances. 

The method of deciding matters of im- 
portance and variances, should be left to 
arbitration — a subject that all nations should 



Arbitration. 147 

consider with the Greatest amount of inter- 
est. 

To settle a small matter there might be a 
woful destruction of life and property ; 
and then does the nation in the right always 
get justice ? or in other words, does might 
make right ? No man will answer yes, for 
brutal or other force may capture the inno- 
cent, but how long can it keep them ? Only 
as long as it keeps them bound. 

The true way to settle national difficulties 
is by a council of arbitration, and if all 
nationalists would agree to this its judgment 
could always be enforced, as all nations 
would at once hold the responsible party to 
account. 

This subject is being now agitated by our 
best citizens of the Church of Brotherly 
Love, the Quakers ; and all true Christians 
will agree to the doctrines of a peace con- 
ference on the basis of right and wrong, 
and on that decision let the one in the 
wrong pay the utmost farthing. 

This method will apply also to individ- 
uals, and, if properly considered, will save 



148 A Standing Army. 

much time and expense in long litigation 
and bad feelings, which always exist after 
such litigation. 

Arbitration generally ends in making the 
contestants friends, instead of enemies. 

The Arbitration League is an organization 
which is a step in the right direction to save 
blood and devastation, and will bring forth 
fruit of peace and love toward God and 
man. 

But our nation seems more like an indi- 
vidual, as she is governed by the people, 
and the dangers are the same identically. 
For there is more danger from our inside 
foes than from our outside enemies. 

Therefore, this nation should at all times 
have no less than 50,000 men employed as 
a standing army. There is no better way 
of judging of the future than by reflecting 
on the past. 

Look back at our Rebellion ; and look at 
the great strikes of 1877 at Pittsburgh; and 
again at the recent riot at Cincinnati. We 
have a peculiar people, and there is need of 
our country being watched ; and, as I have 



Tramp Nuisance. 149 

stated before in this book, if this country- 
was worth our forefathers' blood and time 
to gain it, it certainly should be our desire 
to protect it at all times, lest, when we think 
not, we may be in the midst of foes. 

This is a subject that should interest 
every Christian citizen, and likewise all law- 
abiding men. 

Another evij Congress ought to act 
upon at once is the tramp nuisance. This 
country is overrun with a great many poor, 
worthless vagrants, upon which Congress 
should pass an act that all the States could 
ratify. 

The thefts, arsons and outrages com- 
mitted by the tramps are almost every day 
chronicled in the press. It is high time to 
stop such crime. 

Congress should pass a law that would 
give any constable, policeman, or marshal 
the power to arrest such vagrants, take 
them before a United States marshal, try 
them, and if found guilty take them at once 
and press them into the United States mili- 
tary service for five years. 



150 Enlistment of Criminals. 

But says one, the taxes are too heavy now, 
and that would add a larger expense to our 
country. 

As it is the taxes are large, and are paid 
by a few around the outskirts of the cities 
and rural districts, and they pay taxes to 
support the tramps, but at a fearful cost: 
barns burned, thefts, and the worst of all 
crimes, outrage. 

This pressing them into the service would 
go a great way toward helping- these poor 
beings to become of some value to them- 
selves and the Government. If, on examina- 
tion, they should be found unfit for service, 
send them to the workhouse, and keep 
them for not less than three years. 

This law should also provide for criminals 
to reclaim themselves by giving them the 
privilege to enlist in the army after one- 
third of their time is served. For instance, 
if a man was sent to the State prison for five 
years, he should, after the expiration of two 
years, have the right to enlist for five years 
in the service, which would discipline him, 
and at the end of that time get an honor- 



Enlistment of Criminals. 151 

able discharge, to show when in want of 
work. Now, a criminal, after having served 
out his time, is at once turned out with a 
small amount of money, which will be un- 
able to sustain him more than a few days, 
and if in want of work will have to tell a lie 
or not get employment, for it is customary 
to ask where they have been previously 
employed. 

It would be well for Congress to consider 
this subject. 






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THE DEFEATED CANDIDATES. 



James G. Blaine, the defeated candidate, 
is one of the smartest political men that 
America has ever produced, and had it not 
been for his vanity, he would not have made 
the great mistake which he did when he 
advised Garfield to appoint Robinson to 
the office of Collector of the Port of New 
York, without any consultation with Conk- 
ling. But Blaine, like other men, saw his 
mistake after it was made. The supporters 
of Blaine made a noble stand, and James 
G. can only thank Blaine for his defeat. 
Of course, he could not expect support 
from his enemies ; therefore he cannot blame 
them. 

John A. Logan deserves the sympathy 
of the American people, and I trust he will 
have it, not alone from the men, but from 
the boys ; for in his simple allusion to his 
misfortune, he stated, it is said, that he was 
153 



154 yohn A. Logan. 

like a boy that stubbed his toe; it hurt 
too much to laugh and he was too big to 
cry. In this we see a true man, and the 
American nation will remember him for it; 
and I hope at some future day he will re- 
ceive their support. 




PLYMOUTH KQCK 



THE AMERICAN EAGLE. 



When the Pilgrims on Plymouth Rock did land, 
Liberty on this continent did first make her stand, 
And a few people, in a forest wild, 
Gave thanks to God, and He in answer smiled. 

Although few in number was that little flock, 
Yet millions now give thanks in memory of the Ply- 
mouth Rock ; 
The eagle, perched on the gigantic oak, 
Watched with an acute eye the axman's stroke : 
The Pilgrim did return that gaze, 
On that wondrous bird of liberty amazed ; 
Not alone did this sight occupy his mind ; 
It seemed to be an omen of the liberty he wished to 

find, 
The long sought home of the Christian's aspiration ; 
And he thought of the tyrant's kingdom with indig- 
nation ; 
And when the eagle left that oak to soar on high, 
He resolved to live for liberty, if necessary for her to 
die. 

And as the monarch of the sky made his circuit through 

vast space, 
In this little band of Pilgrims the thoughts of liberty 

kept pace ; 

157 



158 The American Eagle 



& 



On they struggled, until 1776, the 4th of July, 
When once more they made the declaration for lib- 
erty to live, for her to die. 

Then in solemn thanks their Preserver they praised ; 

And as an emblem of liberty on their standard raised 

The American eagle, so fierce and so bold, 

In polished brass, or glittering gold, 

An emblem of freedom, swiftness and power, 

Which they felt they would need in the coming hour. 

Then fiercely growled the British lion, 

To think of the growth of the Pilgrims' scion, 

And England filled her guns with iron hail ; 

But to no purpose ; our braves did not quail ; 

And she poured her shot on Bunker Hill ; 

But as the sun rose next morn, their flag was there 

still, 
And the American eagle perched on its top, ever bold, 
While many a British lay stiff and cold, 
Where their comrades had deserted them in their 

eager flight, 
And left them to die in the cold, damp night. 

The Revolution had begun, and the blow had told 
That the sons of the Pilgrims were both fierce and 

bold; 
Which they ever have shown in their defensive 

fights, 
And have ever been victorious in their just principles 

and rights. 



The American Eagle. 



159 



The God of Hosts has ever been their guide; 

And now they have millions of brothers to stand by 

their side ; 
And for the American Eagle, in war or in peace, 
As an emblem of freedom, our love will ne'er cease ! 




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